Le réchauffement climatique existe ?

Les observations de l'expédition Wegener de 1929 à 1931 révèlent que les températures au Groenland et l'étendue des glaces étaient alors "d'une ampleur comparable" à celles des dernières décennies.
https://www.persee.fr/doc[...]40-3865_1933_num_3_2_5646



La limite des neiges de 1930 était plus haute (plus de fonte) que la moyenne de 2000 à 2020, comparable à l'année de fonte record de 2012.

Source : https://www.nature.com/ar[...]s/s41598-023-33225-9#Fig8

Publié dans la revue nature en 2023

Sur le sujet : Learning from Alfred Wegener’s pioneering field observations in West Greenland after a century of climate change


Publié par B. Vandecrux, S. Scher, K. Löffler, F. Schalamon, A. Trügler, R. Fausto & W. Schöner et J. Abermann

"Compared to recent decades, the ice extent during the Wegener expedition was thus comparably small in May and comparably large in Mid-June."





" It is interesting to note, that regardless which evidence from the historical material we refer to, the snowline in the year 1930 was significantly higher than in the 2000–2020 average, in the same elevation or around 100 m lower than during 2019 and at a similar position as during the record melt year of 2012. "

Je vais montrer pourquoi est ce que certains modèles climatiques notamment ceux utilisés par le GIEC sont des fraudes.







Les émissions humaines de CO2 représentent 5 % du flux annuel de carbone (220 contre 10 GtC/an).

Les modèles climatiques « font semblant » de décrire la physique atmosphérique, ignorant les lois physiques , conduisant à des « erreurs ».

Le doublement du CO2 entraîne une augmentation de la température de surface de 0,6°C.

Smirnov, 2022
Source : https://link.springer.com[...].1007/978-3-030-90008-3_5



Dans Springer link
Publié en janvier 2022.



https://link.springer.com[...]10.1007/978-3-030-90008-3
Acheter global energic of atmosphere

Sur la question du CO2.

Les 210 derniers millions d'années [Myr] :

•Le CO2 diminue à mesure que les températures augmentent (corrélation négative, -0,76).

•Des extinctions massives se produisent 4,08 Myr après les pics de CO2.

•Le réchauffement climatique et le forçage du CO2 "n'ont pas provoqué l'extinction de la biodiversité au cours des 210 dernières années".
Source : https://agupubs.onlinelib[...]/pdf/10.1029/2022EF003336

Publié par W. Jackson Davis1,21Division of Physical and Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA, 2Environmental Studies Institute, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Dans l'AGU, Advancing Earth And Space Science

" Of the 18 extinction cycles that occurred during complete 26-Myr CO2 cycles across the most recent 210 Myr, 12 occurred on the rising phase of the 26 Myr CO2 cycle (270–360° plus 0–90° of phase angle), while six occurred during the falling phase (90–270° of phase angle; Figure 9
"This increase in global temperature was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, from a high of 772 ppmv to a low of 291 ppmv (Figure 15)"






"
The apparent negative correlation between atmospheric CO2 concentration and global temperature (Figure 15) is confirmed by calculation of the corre-sponding Pearson correlation coefficient. To compute this correlation coef-ficient, temperature was interpolated between datapoints in the temperature curve (Figure 15) to the times of datapoints in the CO2 record. The correla-tion between atmospheric CO2 concentration and interpolated global temper-ature proxies is discernible and negative (r = −0.76, n = 8, p = 0.01). "







" Numerous previous authors have suggested a link between the concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the loss of biodiversity during individual extinction events, as summarized above. The intermediary mechanism commonly proposed is the postulated increase in global temperature that is widely believed to result from increased atmos-pheric CO2 concentration (but see W. J. Davis, 2017; W. J. Davis & Davis, 2020). A more direct measure of the global warming effect of trace gases such as CO2 is RF computed at the top of the troposphere. If long-term global warming was the cause of past extinctions, then long-term temperature and marginal RF by atmospheric CO2should both be correlated positively with biodiversity loss.As shown here, however, biodiversity loss is not correlated discernibly with marginal RF by atmospheric CO2(r = −0.001). Absence of correlation implies absence of causality, that is, changes in RF by atmospheric CO2 did not cause past collapses in biodiversity and are not a plausible kill mechanism of mass extinctions. This finding reinforces and confirms the inference that long-term global warming is at most a correlate, and not a primary cause, of mass extinctions. "

Deux figures importantes de l'étude.

Le flux de chaleur géothermique élevé (GHF) est principalement la raison pour laquelle la glace de l'Antarctique fond, et non le « forçage atmosphérique ».

Il existe "un lien direct entre... l'origine des courants de glace et les zones de flux thermique accru... permet de considérer le GHF comme un facteur important dans la dynamique des glaces".
Source : https://agupubs.onlinelib[...]/pdf/10.1029/2022GC010501
Publié dans Advancing Earth and Space Science également
Publié par : C. Haeger1, A. G. Petrunin1, and M. K. Kaban11GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Sur le sujet : Geothermal Heat Flow and Thermal Structure of the Antarctic Lithosphere
Egalement publié dans l'ads
https://ui.adsabs.harvard[...]2GGG....2310501H/abstract




Dans Semantic Scholar également :
https://www.semanticschol[...]78ad7b8c768c3a693f46844b5



it is common to attribute changes in the ice dynamics and subsequent ice loss to atmospheric and oceanic forcing. However, recent studies suggest a direct link between the location of the origin of ice streams and zones of increased heat flow (Petrunin et al., 2013; Rogozhina et al., 2016; Smith-Johnsen et al., 2020) that allows to consider GHF as an important factor in ice dynam-ics. Our results also show a good spatial correspondence with the map of ice mass loss between 2003 and 2019 (Figure 2c, Smith et al., 2020),

" High GHF can raise the basal temperature promoting destabilization of the ice sheet (Pollard et al., 2005). If basal temperatures are high enough to cause melting, basal water can form, lubricating the ice base and thus leading to higher ice sliding velocities (e.g., Goeller et al., 2013). These complex interactions cause highly non-uniform variations of ice mass changes over Antarctica. The stronge
A similar situation can be found in Wilkes Land surrounding the Totten Glacier. This region has been shown to house not only the highest ice mass loss (Rignot et al., 2019; Smith et al., 2020) but also the fastest acceleration of mass loss within EANT (Velicogna et al., 2020). First explanations have focused on similar mechanisms as observed in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Sea Sectors. Combined with a retrograde slope, this could explain the far-reaching ice mass loss surrounding the Glacier. This coincides with a region of elevated GHF, which can further destabilize the ice sheet and could drive unstable retreat, which underlines the importance of reliable GHF estimates in accurately modeling ice dynamics "

Nouvelle étude :

Les variations d'un million d'années de la couverture nuageuse modulant les rayons cosmiques (CR) sont l'une des causes dominantes si ce n'est la cause dominante des variations climatiques sur un million d'années, expliquant les 7 époques glaciaires.

Le CO2 ne peut expliquer les variations climatiques passées.


Source : https://nyaspubs.onlineli[...]direct/10.1111/nyas.14920


Publié dans Annals of the New York Academic Science
The Phanerozoic climate
Publiés par Nir J. Shaviv, Henrik Svensmark et Ján Veizer

" " Interestingly, however, decreases in CO 2 concentration and the
increase in solar luminosity mostly cancel each other out (except for the
nonsecular variations in CO 2 ). Consequently, the dominant tempera-
ture variations observed during the Phanerozoic are those due to the
periodic passages of the solar system through the galactic spiral arms "
" There is, however, another extrinsic driver that acts on time scales
of millions of years. Although the idea has been controversial, we now
know that CR flux variations have a large effect on the climate. They
were first considered as the mechanism linking solar variations to ter-
restrial climate, 56 but later, it was realized that they can explain climate
variations over geological time scales as well. 27,57–59

"
" A comparison between the CR flux (recon-
structed over these time scales using iron meteorites) and climate
(reconstructed using either sedimentation or geochemical records)
demonstrates that the seven ice-age epochs (during which Earth
has had glaciations) over the past billion years have taken place
when the CR flux was higher, as the theory predicts. 27,57 " é

https://www.lapresse.ca/a[...]-de-la-mer-s-accelere.php




Autre étude

Dans le sud de l’Amérique du Sud, le niveau de la mer était d’environ 6 mètres plus élevé qu’il y a 8 000 à 6 000 ans, lorsque le CO2 oscillait autour de 265 ppm, mais il faisait beaucoup plus chaud avec moins de glace.

Le niveau de la mer a ensuite progressivement baissé jusqu'à atteindre son niveau actuel, le plus bas depuis 8 000 ans.
Source : https://onlinelibrary.wil[...]/doi/pdf/10.1002/jqs.3511
Publié dans le Journal of Quaternary Science
Sur le sujet : LatePleistoceneandHolocenetransgressioninferredfromthesedimentsof the Gulf of San Jorge, central Patagonia, Argentina
Publié par : PIERRE‐ARNAUD DESIAGE,1,2,3,4*GUILLAUME ST‐ONGE,1,3,4MATHIEU J. DUCHESNE,5JEAN‐CARLOS MONTERO‐SERRANO1,3and MIGUEL J. HALLER6,71Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada2Geological Survey of Canada (Atlantic), Dartmouth, NS, Canada3GEOTOP Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada4Canada Research Chair in Marine Geology, Rimouski, QC, Canada5Geological Survey of Canada (Québec), Quebec City, QC, Canada6Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn, Argentina7Instituto Patagónico de Geología y Paleontología–CCT CENPAT‐CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
Publié en 2021 pour la première fois.

Tu voulais la liste de toutes les publications donc ne te plains pas.

" Based on14C dates from piston coresretrieved over the entire shelf in the 1960s, Guilderson et al.(2000) produced a post‐LGM relative sea‐level curve for theACS, which was later updated and compiled by Violante andParker (2004; Fig. 2). This sea level curve suggests that theLGM lowstand sea level occurred at ~18 kaBPat ~105 mbelow present sea level. The onset of the marine transgressionresulted in rapid sea‐level rise in the Early Holocene, with ahighstand of ~6 m above present between 8 and 6 kaBP,followed by a progressive fall to its present position (Fig. 2;




Accord-ing to the synthesis of Schellmann and Radtke (2010), relativesea level along the middle and southern Patagonian coast(including the GSJ region) reached the modern coastline at~8.6 cal kaBP, and the Holocene transgression maximum lastedfrom 7.4 to 6.6 cal kaBP. After this period, the coast in the GSJarea experienced a progressive and discontinuous relative sea‐level fall characterized by several phases with different rates ofrelative sea‐level lowering (Zanchetta et al., 2012, 2014; Biniet al., 2017).






Publié également à l'université du Québec à Rimouski au format pdf : https://semaphore.uqar.ca[...]esiage_et_al_mars2023.pdf "