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The flight that CRASHED after 10 seconds | Spanair 5022
On August 20th, 2008, Spanair 5022 crashed just after take off from Madrid, Barajas airport, killing 154 passengers and crew. 166 passengers and 6 crew boarded this flight at Barajas airport in Spain. Their destination was Gran Canaria airport in the Canary islands. Most of the passengers were Spanish but there were a small number of other nationalities aboard including Germans, French, Turkish, Italians and others. Most of them were holidaymakers. The captain was the 39 years old Antonio Garcia Luna, an experienced pilot with over 8 000 flying hours. He previosuly served in Spain's Air Force where he had been a flight instructor and test captain. He joined Spanair in 1999 as a first officer and test pilot. He started flying with the MD 80 in 2006 just after being hired by Spanair. The reports of his tests, simulator sessions and line training indicated that he was an above average pilot. However, notes during one training session were written about the need for him to improve his crew resource management skills, specifically demanding that he works on his coordination and rapport with the other pilot. Subsequent trainers noted an improvement in this area. However, the crew memebrs who knew the captain described him as being disciplined, precise and meticulous in his job, and somebody who adhered the procedures rigorously. The first officer on this flight was the 31 years old Francisco Javier Mulet. He had been hired by Spanair just the previous year, with only 220 total flying hours under his belt. At the time of the accident he had accumulated over 1 200 flight hours, most of which were on the MD-80. Pilots who had flown with the first officer had described him as a serious and disciplined pilot, who was polite and made an effort to collaborate. They specifically noted how much he loved to fly and how happy he was to have the chance to do so. This aircraft was a 15 years old McDonnell Douglas MC-82.
While mostly retired now, the jet had been hugely popular in the US and Europe in the 1990s and in the early 2000s and was one of the safer passenger planes in the sky. What is especially tragic about this accident is how close it came from not happening. The plane took off on Runway 36 left. Seconds later, the aircraft called back saying they had a problem, that they had to exit the runway again. The controller cleared them to exit the runway and the pilots contacted the maintenance control center in Palma. The problem they had noticed was that the Ram Air temperature probe was showing an abnormally high reading. This probe temperature of the air near the surface of the aircraft. Normally, as a plane, or a car or anything moves through the air, it compresses the air in front of it, heating it up. This effect becomes particularly strong at the high speeds that jet aircraft travel at. At cruise speed for example, this generally leads to a 30 degrees centigrade increase in temperature. Planes need to measure this temperature for 2 main reasons. The first is so the pilots can whether to turn on the anti icing heat in flight. The leading edges of the wings are naturally heated by all of the air compressing in front of them as they fly. This means that if it's minus 20 degrees outside the plane, and the so called ram-rise in temperature is 30 degrees, then the temperature that the leading edges of the wing experience is 10 degrees centigrade. Thus, even though the outside temperature is 20 below freezing, no anti icing is needed. For this reason,a fault in the ram temperature sensor doesn't really matter if there is no icing expected. However, the second reason the plane needs to measure this temperature involves the autopilot and specifically the autothrottles. If the Ram Air Temperature sensor senses a high temperature, this implies that the plane is moving fast, which implies that damage will be done to the inside of the engine unless the engine power is reduced.
In other words, ram air temperature means low engine throttle. This is not very helpful during takeoff. And autothrottles are generally used during takeoff on passenger jets. This means that takeoffs must be done in manual mode when this sensor is inoperative. It's likely that the Spanair pilots were unsure about whether it was safe to take off with this faulty sensor, given its role in something as vital as the engine thrust. As such, they decided to return to the gate to have the system inspected. Ironically the RAT probe itself is fitted with a heating element so that it doesn't freeze over when trying to measure the temperature of the surrounding air. If this heating element is turned on while the plane is on the ground, the sensor, naturally, produces falsely high temperature readings. While still taxiing, the captain used his mobile phone to call the maintenance control center in Palma. Suspecting that the RAT probe was receiving an unexpected electrical current, the maintenance control center was recommended that the crew reset the Z-29 circuit breaker, which supplies electrical power to the RAT heating element. The crew did this, but the temperature of the probe didn't fall. The crew discussed a number of possibilities with the technicians which they hoped would reduce the temperature of the RAT probe. The cockpit was a hive of activity at this time with people enteringa and leaving including the crew, maintenance technicians, the purser, and another Spanair captain was was travelling with the aircraft. The captain remarked on their significant delay and noted that they had to log everything that had occurred. Pressure was building inside the cockpit to get the plane back on the runway as quickly as possible. And the temperature inside of the aircraft was rising.
The engineers spent over 1 hour trying to fix the faulty sensor but ultimatly they proposed that the crew simply pulls the circuit breaker so as to disconnect the electrical supply to the RAT probe heater. The captain agreed, and the crew began to make preparations for departure. A Spanair flight attendant was seated behind the pilots in the jump seat, discussing with the first officer about the faulty sensor. Meanwhile, the plane was being refueled. Before taxiing, the captain called ATC to determine whether there was any delay on ATC's part. It was the first officer's job to handle the radios, yet the captain was doing this for him. They then did the after start checklists. Upon reaching the final items, flaps and slats, the captain interrupted the first officer before he could read it, to ask him to request taxi permission from ATC. The pilots then started the engines and never completed the final item on the bfore start checklist. It was a mistake but also one of the number of opportunities for the pilots would have to ceconfigure the flaps between now and take off. If the slats are not configured for take off, the light indicating that additional automatic thrust is available does not illuminate. In this case the light was off and the pilots didn't notice this. On this same checklist there were another change for the pilots to see that they have not set the flaps for takeoff. The last item is the so called "take off briefing. " which has the pilots review the takeoff speeds, thrust and flaps, among other things. The cockpit voice recorder reveals that this item had not been done. They continued making conversation with the flight attendant during their taxi to the runway, most of which was not being pertinent for the flight itself.
Lastly and more confusingly for the investigators, as the aircraft lined up with the runway, the first officer made a final check known as the takeoff imminent checklist. He could be heared reviewing the position of the center of gravity, and the flap wheel position, as well as the flaps and slats indicators on the LCD screen. The cockpit voice recorder makes us hear that the first officer said " Flaps 11 " despite the flaps not being set to 11. Investigators concluded it was due ao a phenomenon known as expectation bias. He expected the flaps to be in the position that he called out and didn't truly look at the instruments to disconfirm this. It's a natural tendency of humans to look without seeing leading us to only see what we expect to see. This bias has more chance to come under unfavourable conditions like the high pressure and workload the pilots were under here.
The flight that CRASHED after 10 seconds | Spanair 5022
On August 20th, 2008, Spanair 5022 crashed just after take off from Madrid, Barajas airport, killing 154 passengers and crew. 166 passengers and 6 crew boarded this flight at Barajas airport in Spain. Their destination was Gran Canaria airport in the Canary islands. Most of the passengers were Spanish but there were a small number of other nationalities aboard including Germans, French, Turkish, Italians and others. Most of them were holidaymakers. The captain was the 39 years old Antonio Garcia Luna, an experienced pilot with over 8 000 flying hours. He previosuly served in Spain's Air Force where he had been a flight instructor and test captain. He joined Spanair in 1999 as a first officer and test pilot. He started flying with the MD 80 in 2006 just after being hired by Spanair. The reports of his tests, simulator sessions and line training indicated that he was an above average pilot. However, notes during one training session were written about the need for him to improve his crew resource management skills, specifically demanding that he works on his coordination and rapport with the other pilot. Subsequent trainers noted an improvement in this area. However, the crew memebrs who knew the captain described him as being disciplined, precise and meticulous in his job, and somebody who adhered the procedures rigorously. The first officer on this flight was the 31 years old Francisco Javier Mulet. He had been hired by Spanair just the previous year, with only 220 total flying hours under his belt. At the time of the accident he had accumulated over 1 200 flight hours, most of which were on the MD-80. Pilots who had flown with the first officer had described him as a serious and disciplined pilot, who was polite and made an effort to collaborate. They specifically noted how much he loved to fly and how happy he was to have the chance to do so. This aircraft was a 15 years old McDonnell Douglas MC-82.
While mostly retired now, the jet had been hugely popular in the US and Europe in the 1990s and in the early 2000s and was one of the safer passenger planes in the sky. What is especially tragic about this accident is how close it came from not happening. The plane took off on Runway 36 left. Seconds later, the aircraft called back saying they had a problem, that they had to exit the runway again. The controller cleared them to exit the runway and the pilots contacted the maintenance control center in Palma. The problem they had noticed was that the Ram Air temperature probe was showing an abnormally high reading. This probe temperature of the air near the surface of the aircraft. Normally, as a plane, or a car or anything moves through the air, it compresses the air in front of it, heating it up. This effect becomes particularly strong at the high speeds that jet aircraft travel at. At cruise speed for example, this generally leads to a 30 degrees centigrade increase in temperature. Planes need to measure this temperature for 2 main reasons. The first is so the pilots can whether to turn on the anti icing heat in flight. The leading edges of the wings are naturally heated by all of the air compressing in front of them as they fly. This means that if it's minus 20 degrees outside the plane, and the so called ram-rise in temperature is 30 degrees, then the temperature that the leading edges of the wing experience is 10 degrees centigrade. Thus, even though the outside temperature is 20 below freezing, no anti icing is needed. For this reason,a fault in the ram temperature sensor doesn't really matter if there is no icing expected. However, the second reason the plane needs to measure this temperature involves the autopilot and specifically the autothrottles. If the Ram Air Temperature sensor senses a high temperature, this implies that the plane is moving fast, which implies that damage will be done to the inside of the engine unless the engine power is reduced.
In other words, ram air temperature means low engine throttle. This is not very helpful during takeoff. And autothrottles are generally used during takeoff on passenger jets. This means that takeoffs must be done in manual mode when this sensor is inoperative. It's likely that the Spanair pilots were unsure about whether it was safe to take off with this faulty sensor, given its role in something as vital as the engine thrust. As such, they decided to return to the gate to have the system inspected. Ironically the RAT probe itself is fitted with a heating element so that it doesn't freeze over when trying to measure the temperature of the surrounding air. If this heating element is turned on while the plane is on the ground, the sensor, naturally, produces falsely high temperature readings. While still taxiing, the captain used his mobile phone to call the maintenance control center in Palma. Suspecting that the RAT probe was receiving an unexpected electrical current, the maintenance control center was recommended that the crew reset the Z-29 circuit breaker, which supplies electrical power to the RAT heating element. The crew did this, but the temperature of the probe didn't fall. The crew discussed a number of possibilities with the technicians which they hoped would reduce the temperature of the RAT probe. The cockpit was a hive of activity at this time with people enteringa and leaving including the crew, maintenance technicians, the purser, and another Spanair captain was was travelling with the aircraft. The captain remarked on their significant delay and noted that they had to log everything that had occurred. Pressure was building inside the cockpit to get the plane back on the runway as quickly as possible. And the temperature inside of the aircraft was rising.
The engineers spent over 1 hour trying to fix the faulty sensor but ultimatly they proposed that the crew simply pulls the circuit breaker so as to disconnect the electrical supply to the RAT probe heater. The captain agreed, and the crew began to make preparations for departure. A Spanair flight attendant was seated behind the pilots in the jump seat, discussing with the first officer about the faulty sensor. Meanwhile, the plane was being refueled. Before taxiing, the captain called ATC to determine whether there was any delay on ATC's part. It was the first officer's job to handle the radios, yet the captain was doing this for him. They then did the after start checklists. Upon reaching the final items, flaps and slats, the captain interrupted the first officer before he could read it, to ask him to request taxi permission from ATC. The pilots then started the engines and never completed the final item on the bfore start checklist. It was a mistake but also one of the number of opportunities for the pilots would have to ceconfigure the flaps between now and take off. If the slats are not configured for take off, the light indicating that additional automatic thrust is available does not illuminate. In this case the light was off and the pilots didn't notice this. On this same checklist there were another change for the pilots to see that they have not set the flaps for takeoff. The last item is the so called "take off briefing. " which has the pilots review the takeoff speeds, thrust and flaps, among other things. The cockpit voice recorder reveals that this item had not been done. They continued making conversation with the flight attendant during their taxi to the runway, most of which was not being pertinent for the flight itself.
Lastly and more confusingly for the investigators, as the aircraft lined up with the runway, the first officer made a final check known as the takeoff imminent checklist. He could be heared reviewing the position of the center of gravity, and the flap wheel position, as well as the flaps and slats indicators on the LCD screen. The cockpit voice recorder makes us hear that the first officer said " Flaps 11 " despite the flaps not being set to 11. Investigators concluded it was due ao a phenomenon known as expectation bias. He expected the flaps to be in the position that he called out and didn't truly look at the instruments to disconfirm this. It's a natural tendency of humans to look without seeing leading us to only see what we expect to see. This bias has more chance to come under unfavourable conditions like the high pressure and workload the pilots were under here.
Post.
747 in DANGER | The MYSTERY of the world's WORST mid-air collision
On November 12th 1996, 283 passengers and 23 crew boarded on Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 in Delhi, India; They were bound to go to Dhahran international airport in Saudi Arabia for a 4 hours journey. It was fthe flight 763. A frew hundreds kilometers to the northwest, an aircraft was descending towards Dehli. it was Kazakh Flight 1907 and it had 27 passengers on board, most of them being traders preparing for a shopping trip to Dehli. In command of Saudi flight 763 was 45 years old captain Khalid al Shubaily with just short of 10 000 hours of flying time. He was highly experienced pilot, having flown this route many times before and was familiar with the peculiarities of Dehli's airspace at the time. Nazir Khan was the first officer, 44 years old. He was an American captain but acting as first officer during this flight. With more than 7 000 hours of flying time under his belt he also had a lot of experience. Behind the 2 pilots there was an flight engineer named Ahmed Edrees, 33 years old. He had 3 000 hours of flying time. They would fall to a complex web of inadequencies out of their control. As this aircraft was pushing back from the gate, Kazakh flight 1907 was flying in the middle of their descent towards the airport. In this flight, alongside 27 passengers there were 10 crew on board. If though this particular aircraft was a Soviet designed plane called Ilyushin II 76 TD, it was just 4 years old. Out of the 10 crew on board, 5 of them were in the cockpit. To accomodate all of them, the cockpit was split into 2 desks, an upper deck and a lower deck. On the upper deck there was the captain Alexander Robertovich Cherapanov, 44 years old guy joined on his right by 37 years old first officer Ermek Kozhahmetovich Dzhangirov Behind him was the flight engineer Alexander Alexanderovich Chuprov, aged of 50 and his 41 years old radio operator Egor Alekseevich Repp.
And finally, sitting on the lower deck, a navigator, Zhahanbek Duisenovich Aripbaev, 51 years old. Even the least experienced crew here, the first officer, had almost 7 000 hours of flying experience. There was just one area in which the crew were lacking : the level of English. In 1996, Indian airspace was split in about 50 / 50 between military and civilian control with a strict divide between the 2 airspaces with civilian aircraft b eing forbidden to from flying in military airspace and military aircraft being forbidden from flying in civilian airspace. Dehli's airport was particularly affected by this divide since the airport had been handed to civilian control only the year prior to the accident. Almost all of the airspace surrounding it was still controlled by mthe military. There was just one long and narrow corridor that allowed to get out and in the airport. This stretched to a waypoint called Lunka, at 330 kilometers away to the West. It was the corridor in which Saudi and Kazakh flights would go in opposite directions. Controllers in this airport had been protesting this sytem for years but nothing had been done about it, with the consequences we know. Saudi flight lined up in Runway 28 and took off. The controller, V K Dutta was responsible for all departing and arriving traffic in and out of the airport. Identifying the Saudi flight on its radar, he instructed them to climb at over 10 000 feet initially. Just like the pilots of Kazakh, the controllers were using anticipated technology for his work. It didn't get sent any information from the aircraft electronically but rather a radar dish at the airport sent out a signal in all directions and picked up when the signal was reflected off an aircraft. As a result of this it could only tell the position of planes and not their altitudes or even which aircraft they were. Dotta had to take the pilot's words for it.
For more than a decade, there had been plans to install a modern radar system but bureacratic forces had stymied the installation of this technology. One man had to work with one information per aircraft in one single corridor. The only way controllers had planes separated was to keep them at different altitudes. The international standard for this vertical separation is 1 000 feet. The controller's plan was to keep Kazakh plane at a higher altitude and let the Saudi plane pass beneath it. As the Saudi 747 continued its climb to 10 000 feet, the Kazakh flight was descending through 23 000 feet on its way down to eighteen thousands. It was just over 70 nautical miles from the airport at this point, or 130 kilometers. The radio operator sitting behind the pilots reported their position to air traffic control. The controller cleared them to descend to 15 000 feet and asked them to report them when they reached this altitude. As both aircrafts were now tuned into the same radio frequency, the pilots from each plane were able to hear the transmissions from the other plane and their conversations with air traffic control. This adds an additional layer of protection fir airplanes, especially in busy airspace around airports. Kazahk crew needed to report the convert their altitude from feet to meter because most of their altimeters showed altitude in meters, including the first officer's altimeter. Only the captain's altimeter and the navigator's altimeter on the lower deck showed altitude in feet. The radio operator checked his conversion charts and told the pilots that 15 000 feet was equal to 4 570 meters. One minute after the controller cleared the Kazakh flight down to 15 000 feet, the pilots from Saudi flight told the controller that they were level at 10 000 feet. They ask the controller if they can climb higher. The controller then clear them to climb up to 14 000 feet, meaning it would be as close as the 1 000 feet limit between 2 airplanes.
Kazakh flight asked the navigator to confirm that his conversion between feet and meter was correct. The navigator said that it was correct. Despite being the only person on the plane in direct contact with air traffic control, the radio operator didn't an altimeter to see what was the altitude the plane was flying at. He had to lean awkwardly over one side to take a look at the pilot's instruments. As Saudi flight approached 14 000 feet, they asked to climb higher. But the controller told them to stay at their current altitude so the Kazakh's flight could pass 1 000 feet over them. Then, the 1907 controller asked Kazakh flight to confirm its position relative to the airport. The radio operator told them they had now reached 15 000 feet and were 46 nautical miles from the airport. However, it was not at 15 000 feet. Instead, at that moment, the plane was descending through 16 400 feet. It wouldn't reach 15 000 feet for another minute or so. The reason was probably that he didn't have an altimeter and wasn't able to easily peer around to check the pilot's altimeter so he just guessed that the pilots had now just levelled off at 15 000 feet. The worst is not that the radio operator misjudged the altitude but rather what this transmission implies about the communication between the crew on board. The flight crew were not on the same page as one another. The controller said the Kazakh flight to stay at 15 000 feet, warning them that there was a Saudi flight that would cross them in 5 miles, 10 miles away. If it had been a clear night they would easily spot the lights of the 747 of their windscreens. But with thick clouds ahead of them, there was no way they could see any other airplane. The radio operator asked the controller to repeat the distance between his plane and the Saudi plane. Controller responded it was at 8 miles, level 140.
As the crew looked for the 747, they began to slip below their cleared altitude of 15 000 feet. Both aircrafts were flying at a speed of over 1 000 kilometers per hour. The reason Kazakh flight slipped below its altitude is still shrouded in mystery. Some suggested that the pilots, with their poor understanding of English, misunderstood the controller's report of traffic at fourteen thousand feet and instead took as clearance for them to descend to 14 000 feet. It's also possible that the first officer with his Soviet altimeter hadn't heard the radio operator and navigator convert between feet and meters earlier on. Perhaps he knew he was supposed to level off at 15 000 feet but he didn't know what this was in meters. Had these planes fitted with TCAS ( traffic collision avoidance system ), which was mandatory in the USA at this time for example, they would have immediatly seen the danger. 40 seconds from the collision, this technology would have frantically ordered the pilots to climb away from danger. But this last line of defense was not made mandatory in India or any part of the world outside the US by this point.
747 in DANGER | The MYSTERY of the world's WORST mid-air collision
On November 12th 1996, 283 passengers and 23 crew boarded on Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 in Delhi, India; They were bound to go to Dhahran international airport in Saudi Arabia for a 4 hours journey. It was fthe flight 763. A frew hundreds kilometers to the northwest, an aircraft was descending towards Dehli. it was Kazakh Flight 1907 and it had 27 passengers on board, most of them being traders preparing for a shopping trip to Dehli. In command of Saudi flight 763 was 45 years old captain Khalid al Shubaily with just short of 10 000 hours of flying time. He was highly experienced pilot, having flown this route many times before and was familiar with the peculiarities of Dehli's airspace at the time. Nazir Khan was the first officer, 44 years old. He was an American captain but acting as first officer during this flight. With more than 7 000 hours of flying time under his belt he also had a lot of experience. Behind the 2 pilots there was an flight engineer named Ahmed Edrees, 33 years old. He had 3 000 hours of flying time. They would fall to a complex web of inadequencies out of their control. As this aircraft was pushing back from the gate, Kazakh flight 1907 was flying in the middle of their descent towards the airport. In this flight, alongside 27 passengers there were 10 crew on board. If though this particular aircraft was a Soviet designed plane called Ilyushin II 76 TD, it was just 4 years old. Out of the 10 crew on board, 5 of them were in the cockpit. To accomodate all of them, the cockpit was split into 2 desks, an upper deck and a lower deck. On the upper deck there was the captain Alexander Robertovich Cherapanov, 44 years old guy joined on his right by 37 years old first officer Ermek Kozhahmetovich Dzhangirov Behind him was the flight engineer Alexander Alexanderovich Chuprov, aged of 50 and his 41 years old radio operator Egor Alekseevich Repp.
And finally, sitting on the lower deck, a navigator, Zhahanbek Duisenovich Aripbaev, 51 years old. Even the least experienced crew here, the first officer, had almost 7 000 hours of flying experience. There was just one area in which the crew were lacking : the level of English. In 1996, Indian airspace was split in about 50 / 50 between military and civilian control with a strict divide between the 2 airspaces with civilian aircraft b eing forbidden to from flying in military airspace and military aircraft being forbidden from flying in civilian airspace. Dehli's airport was particularly affected by this divide since the airport had been handed to civilian control only the year prior to the accident. Almost all of the airspace surrounding it was still controlled by mthe military. There was just one long and narrow corridor that allowed to get out and in the airport. This stretched to a waypoint called Lunka, at 330 kilometers away to the West. It was the corridor in which Saudi and Kazakh flights would go in opposite directions. Controllers in this airport had been protesting this sytem for years but nothing had been done about it, with the consequences we know. Saudi flight lined up in Runway 28 and took off. The controller, V K Dutta was responsible for all departing and arriving traffic in and out of the airport. Identifying the Saudi flight on its radar, he instructed them to climb at over 10 000 feet initially. Just like the pilots of Kazakh, the controllers were using anticipated technology for his work. It didn't get sent any information from the aircraft electronically but rather a radar dish at the airport sent out a signal in all directions and picked up when the signal was reflected off an aircraft. As a result of this it could only tell the position of planes and not their altitudes or even which aircraft they were. Dotta had to take the pilot's words for it.
For more than a decade, there had been plans to install a modern radar system but bureacratic forces had stymied the installation of this technology. One man had to work with one information per aircraft in one single corridor. The only way controllers had planes separated was to keep them at different altitudes. The international standard for this vertical separation is 1 000 feet. The controller's plan was to keep Kazakh plane at a higher altitude and let the Saudi plane pass beneath it. As the Saudi 747 continued its climb to 10 000 feet, the Kazakh flight was descending through 23 000 feet on its way down to eighteen thousands. It was just over 70 nautical miles from the airport at this point, or 130 kilometers. The radio operator sitting behind the pilots reported their position to air traffic control. The controller cleared them to descend to 15 000 feet and asked them to report them when they reached this altitude. As both aircrafts were now tuned into the same radio frequency, the pilots from each plane were able to hear the transmissions from the other plane and their conversations with air traffic control. This adds an additional layer of protection fir airplanes, especially in busy airspace around airports. Kazahk crew needed to report the convert their altitude from feet to meter because most of their altimeters showed altitude in meters, including the first officer's altimeter. Only the captain's altimeter and the navigator's altimeter on the lower deck showed altitude in feet. The radio operator checked his conversion charts and told the pilots that 15 000 feet was equal to 4 570 meters. One minute after the controller cleared the Kazakh flight down to 15 000 feet, the pilots from Saudi flight told the controller that they were level at 10 000 feet. They ask the controller if they can climb higher. The controller then clear them to climb up to 14 000 feet, meaning it would be as close as the 1 000 feet limit between 2 airplanes.
Kazakh flight asked the navigator to confirm that his conversion between feet and meter was correct. The navigator said that it was correct. Despite being the only person on the plane in direct contact with air traffic control, the radio operator didn't an altimeter to see what was the altitude the plane was flying at. He had to lean awkwardly over one side to take a look at the pilot's instruments. As Saudi flight approached 14 000 feet, they asked to climb higher. But the controller told them to stay at their current altitude so the Kazakh's flight could pass 1 000 feet over them. Then, the 1907 controller asked Kazakh flight to confirm its position relative to the airport. The radio operator told them they had now reached 15 000 feet and were 46 nautical miles from the airport. However, it was not at 15 000 feet. Instead, at that moment, the plane was descending through 16 400 feet. It wouldn't reach 15 000 feet for another minute or so. The reason was probably that he didn't have an altimeter and wasn't able to easily peer around to check the pilot's altimeter so he just guessed that the pilots had now just levelled off at 15 000 feet. The worst is not that the radio operator misjudged the altitude but rather what this transmission implies about the communication between the crew on board. The flight crew were not on the same page as one another. The controller said the Kazakh flight to stay at 15 000 feet, warning them that there was a Saudi flight that would cross them in 5 miles, 10 miles away. If it had been a clear night they would easily spot the lights of the 747 of their windscreens. But with thick clouds ahead of them, there was no way they could see any other airplane. The radio operator asked the controller to repeat the distance between his plane and the Saudi plane. Controller responded it was at 8 miles, level 140.
As the crew looked for the 747, they began to slip below their cleared altitude of 15 000 feet. Both aircrafts were flying at a speed of over 1 000 kilometers per hour. The reason Kazakh flight slipped below its altitude is still shrouded in mystery. Some suggested that the pilots, with their poor understanding of English, misunderstood the controller's report of traffic at fourteen thousand feet and instead took as clearance for them to descend to 14 000 feet. It's also possible that the first officer with his Soviet altimeter hadn't heard the radio operator and navigator convert between feet and meters earlier on. Perhaps he knew he was supposed to level off at 15 000 feet but he didn't know what this was in meters. Had these planes fitted with TCAS ( traffic collision avoidance system ), which was mandatory in the USA at this time for example, they would have immediatly seen the danger. 40 seconds from the collision, this technology would have frantically ordered the pilots to climb away from danger. But this last line of defense was not made mandatory in India or any part of the world outside the US by this point.
Post.
Suddently, the radioi operator shouted to hold the level. He probably saw the pilot's altimeter showing that they had gotten too low. Shockingly, the captain asked what level they were given. The planes were 18 seconds away from collision. The flight engineer yellet out to maintain. The radio operator clarified this by shouting to keep the level to 150, to not descend. Finally the captain realized his mistake. He disconnected the autopilot and ordered the first officer to increase engine powers. The engines spooled up loudly to high power. The radio operator shouted to get to 150 because on the 140 that one, all the crews saw the lights of the 747 filling their windscreens But it was too late. The left wing of the Kazakh plane collided with the Boeing's left engines, igniting a massive explosion. The 2 planes continued forward for a few hundreds meters before tumbling down to Earth, spiraling in their own flames. A minute after colliding, both planes slammed to the ground. There were no survivors on both planes. No crew member from Kazakh flight took responsability for ensuring the plane stayed at a designed altitude. Not only the aircraft didn't have a TCAS but also it didn't have something that Western passenger aircrafts had since the 1960s : an altitude alert tone. This would have alerted the pilots when they were nearing their assigned altitude. On top of this, the plane's autopilot didn't even have an altitude capture mode so it couldn't level off automatically when the selected altitude was reached. These are basic autopilot functions which were in other aircrafts for decades and would have prevent the collision from happening. All of this combined with the grossy inadequate and outdated insfrastructure made this accident inevitable.
As a result of the accident, in 1999, India became the second coutry in the world to mandate the use of TCAS in its airspace, soon followed by other nations and now standard across the world. India and Dehli's airport finally got the overhaul they needed with all major airports of the country having now modern radar systems. The airpsace surrouding the corridor had now been largely been handed over to civilian control.
Suddently, the radioi operator shouted to hold the level. He probably saw the pilot's altimeter showing that they had gotten too low. Shockingly, the captain asked what level they were given. The planes were 18 seconds away from collision. The flight engineer yellet out to maintain. The radio operator clarified this by shouting to keep the level to 150, to not descend. Finally the captain realized his mistake. He disconnected the autopilot and ordered the first officer to increase engine powers. The engines spooled up loudly to high power. The radio operator shouted to get to 150 because on the 140 that one, all the crews saw the lights of the 747 filling their windscreens But it was too late. The left wing of the Kazakh plane collided with the Boeing's left engines, igniting a massive explosion. The 2 planes continued forward for a few hundreds meters before tumbling down to Earth, spiraling in their own flames. A minute after colliding, both planes slammed to the ground. There were no survivors on both planes. No crew member from Kazakh flight took responsability for ensuring the plane stayed at a designed altitude. Not only the aircraft didn't have a TCAS but also it didn't have something that Western passenger aircrafts had since the 1960s : an altitude alert tone. This would have alerted the pilots when they were nearing their assigned altitude. On top of this, the plane's autopilot didn't even have an altitude capture mode so it couldn't level off automatically when the selected altitude was reached. These are basic autopilot functions which were in other aircrafts for decades and would have prevent the collision from happening. All of this combined with the grossy inadequate and outdated insfrastructure made this accident inevitable.
As a result of the accident, in 1999, India became the second coutry in the world to mandate the use of TCAS in its airspace, soon followed by other nations and now standard across the world. India and Dehli's airport finally got the overhaul they needed with all major airports of the country having now modern radar systems. The airpsace surrouding the corridor had now been largely been handed over to civilian control.
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HOW did this plane end up crashing into the Himalayas?? | The Mystery of Thai 311 Soon after, the ground proximity warning system sounded. The first officer asked the captain to turna round, but not forcefully enough. The captain was convinced that it was a false alarm because he was certain they were heading south. 16 seconds after the alarm sounded, the aircraft slammed head long into a vertical cliff, 11 500 feet up the side of a mountain. Everyone on board were killed instantly. Investigators cited the loss of situational awareness as the primary contributor to the crash of flight 311. Contributing to this was a peculiar feature of the A310s navigation display. Investigators noted that its compass contained only numbers and had no letters marking out the cardinal directions of north, south, east and west. Had they been present, the pilots could have noticed earlier that they were heading north rather than south. The final report also assigned to the accident a role to the lack of sufficient simulator training by Thai airways for the complex and high terrain Kathmandou approach. It recommanded that better crew resource management should be achived, that better situational awareness is important and it also recommended that radars should be installed at Kathmandou's airport. This crash became a case study around the world which highlighted the importance of good crew resource management and maintaining situational awareness especially in mountainous areas. After this accident and another one which occurred several weeks after, this airport became a safer airport to fly into.
It was on July 31, 1992. A Thai Airways Airbus A310 with its 113 passengers and his crew crashed into the Himalayas in Nepal. The wreckage was found miles anywhere the plane should be flying. Investigators analyzed data recorders and cockpit voice recorder. There was a mechanical issue on the aircraft but it didnt' cause the accident. it wasn't the weather either. This accident can serve as a cautionary tale for any pilot flying over mountainous areas. The flight lifted from Bangkok's Don Mueang international airport, heading northeast for a 3 hours journey to Kathmandu in Nepal with 99 passengers and 14 crew. Passengers consisted of Nepalese people, Thai nationals and tourists from 12 different countries around the world. The aircraft was a 4 years old Airbus A310. In 192 the A310 was a modern passenger jet with a spotless safety record. It served from medium to long haul market and nowadays it's the equivalent of the A330. Back then the A310 was 9 years into passenger service without being involved in a single fatal accident until this time. By the end of the decade, Thai Airlines had 2 of the 4 A310 they had lost in crashes. In the cockpit, advanced autopilot and navigation systems + electronic displays. This day the complexity of the automation would work against the pilots. For the first 2 hours and a half, the flight progressed normally. Near Kathmandu, pilots initially had no response from controller when they tried to contact. It was not unusual near there however the city was in the foothills of the tallest and most extensive mountain range in the world. The airport lies between 2 mountain ranges bordering it to the north and the south. South of the airport, mountains reach altitude of 9 000 feet sometimes while in the north they extend as high as 26 000 feet. So large aircrafts always approach this airport from the south. Radio communications can be patchy in mountainous regions.
Also the prevailing wind in this area meant that when the runway was first laid down in 1949, it was built from north to south, creating a challenge for pilots, especially those from larger aircrafts. Once they passed the mountain they had to descend steeply to make it to the airport. To add difficulties, this one flight arrived during peak of the monsoon season with the entire region shrouded in heavy rain and dense clouds with nothing but whiteness out of the windscreen. The pilots would have to navigate only using their instruments. To top it all, the airport didn't have radar. Controllers had to rely on position reports from pilots to build a mental picture of where the aircraft in the airspace were. Controller cleared the pilots for an instrument approach known as the circling approach which would have them landing from the north on the runway 2 - 0. But the captain was not happy with the clearance as he didn't want to bring hsi aircraft from north given the poor visibility and considering how close it would bring the aircraft to the surrounding terrain. He asked the first officer to calculate the fuel required to fly to their alternate airport of Calcutta in India. This was 600 kilometers away. Controller notificed the crew about a change of wind direction however and cleared them for a straightened approach to runway 0 - 2. They had to pass a waypoint called Romeo 75 kilometers south of the airport then straight towards the runway, descending steeply after passing over the mountains to the south of the airport.
For the approach, the pilots began lowering the flaps. The crew was required to use full flaps because of the steepness of this approach. Full flaps would provide the necessary drag to stop the aircraft from getting too fast during its steep descent. The crew encoutered a problem. When they tried to lower the flaps to 15 degrees, they got stuck. Withotu the ability to use flaps. They asked to the controller for a diversion in Calcutta since there was no way to land at Kathmandu now. However before the controller gave his clearance, the crew managed to get the flaps working again by simply retracting them then extending them.Tehy told the controller they fixed the issue and could continue their approach to Kathmandu. However the aircraft was higher than its ideal approach. So the crew asked the controller if they could return to the Romeo waypoint to retry their approach.Investigators noticed later that it appeared that the captain was making all of the radio transmissions as well as flying the aircraft which is a stark departure from how workload is supposed to be managed in commercial airliners. Usually one pilot is designated pilot flying while the other is pilot not flying who carries out duties like talking to air traffic control and reading the checklists while the pilot flying naturally flies the aircraft. This could be this splitting of workload is essential for safety especially during busy phases od flight such as approach and landing. It prevents any one fligt crew member from becoming task saturated. When the captain requested a turn back to begin the approach again, there was no response from traffic control. He called 4 times and each time he received no response. The aircraft was now 10 kilometers away from the airport. So the captain took matters in his own hands, turning back to the waypoint behind, doing a right hand turn instead of a left hand turn because the controller said previously that there were other aircrafts on the left hand side.
Captain selected the heading select mode of the autopilot, then instructing the first officer to locate the Romeo waypoint using the FMC. The captain was climbing during his turn. He reported his actions to the controller who told him to desscend back to 11 500 feet because there were other aircrafts at higher altitudes nearby. The captain allowed himself to become task saturated here, climbing while turning, then descending while talking to air traffic controller. Heading selected knob was still turned by the captain to the right without realizing it and with no visual reference at the windscreen to track his position. Instead of doing a 180 degrees turn onto a heading of 220, he had done a full 360 onto a heading of 0 - 2 and with both his attention and those of the first officer being fully focused on getting to Romeo waypoint to show up on the flight management computer, neither pilot realize they had done a complete circle and were flying straight towards some of the highest mountains of the world. After first officer managed to key into the Romeo waypoint, the FMS displayed a 180 degrees turn on the navigation displays. In the pilots heads, they were heading south and Romeo was ahead of them. But FMS told them it was behidn them. For 6 minutes both pilots were occupied with troubleshooting the Flight Management System. When controller asked their distance to the airport and the pilots siad 5 miles away, this made no sense for the controller. Meanwhile, pilots lost all situational awareness. They should have been easily 20 miles from the airport at this point. Controller, after being confirmed by the captain that they were 5 miles away, decided to not pursue the issue further. Some minutes later the first officer noticed the compass showing the aircraft heading north. The captain, convinced of his first officer's incompetence, didn't absorb the import of his question. First officer should have make a statement rather than a question here.
HOW did this plane end up crashing into the Himalayas?? | The Mystery of Thai 311 Soon after, the ground proximity warning system sounded. The first officer asked the captain to turna round, but not forcefully enough. The captain was convinced that it was a false alarm because he was certain they were heading south. 16 seconds after the alarm sounded, the aircraft slammed head long into a vertical cliff, 11 500 feet up the side of a mountain. Everyone on board were killed instantly. Investigators cited the loss of situational awareness as the primary contributor to the crash of flight 311. Contributing to this was a peculiar feature of the A310s navigation display. Investigators noted that its compass contained only numbers and had no letters marking out the cardinal directions of north, south, east and west. Had they been present, the pilots could have noticed earlier that they were heading north rather than south. The final report also assigned to the accident a role to the lack of sufficient simulator training by Thai airways for the complex and high terrain Kathmandou approach. It recommanded that better crew resource management should be achived, that better situational awareness is important and it also recommended that radars should be installed at Kathmandou's airport. This crash became a case study around the world which highlighted the importance of good crew resource management and maintaining situational awareness especially in mountainous areas. After this accident and another one which occurred several weeks after, this airport became a safer airport to fly into.
It was on July 31, 1992. A Thai Airways Airbus A310 with its 113 passengers and his crew crashed into the Himalayas in Nepal. The wreckage was found miles anywhere the plane should be flying. Investigators analyzed data recorders and cockpit voice recorder. There was a mechanical issue on the aircraft but it didnt' cause the accident. it wasn't the weather either. This accident can serve as a cautionary tale for any pilot flying over mountainous areas. The flight lifted from Bangkok's Don Mueang international airport, heading northeast for a 3 hours journey to Kathmandu in Nepal with 99 passengers and 14 crew. Passengers consisted of Nepalese people, Thai nationals and tourists from 12 different countries around the world. The aircraft was a 4 years old Airbus A310. In 192 the A310 was a modern passenger jet with a spotless safety record. It served from medium to long haul market and nowadays it's the equivalent of the A330. Back then the A310 was 9 years into passenger service without being involved in a single fatal accident until this time. By the end of the decade, Thai Airlines had 2 of the 4 A310 they had lost in crashes. In the cockpit, advanced autopilot and navigation systems + electronic displays. This day the complexity of the automation would work against the pilots. For the first 2 hours and a half, the flight progressed normally. Near Kathmandu, pilots initially had no response from controller when they tried to contact. It was not unusual near there however the city was in the foothills of the tallest and most extensive mountain range in the world. The airport lies between 2 mountain ranges bordering it to the north and the south. South of the airport, mountains reach altitude of 9 000 feet sometimes while in the north they extend as high as 26 000 feet. So large aircrafts always approach this airport from the south. Radio communications can be patchy in mountainous regions.
Also the prevailing wind in this area meant that when the runway was first laid down in 1949, it was built from north to south, creating a challenge for pilots, especially those from larger aircrafts. Once they passed the mountain they had to descend steeply to make it to the airport. To add difficulties, this one flight arrived during peak of the monsoon season with the entire region shrouded in heavy rain and dense clouds with nothing but whiteness out of the windscreen. The pilots would have to navigate only using their instruments. To top it all, the airport didn't have radar. Controllers had to rely on position reports from pilots to build a mental picture of where the aircraft in the airspace were. Controller cleared the pilots for an instrument approach known as the circling approach which would have them landing from the north on the runway 2 - 0. But the captain was not happy with the clearance as he didn't want to bring hsi aircraft from north given the poor visibility and considering how close it would bring the aircraft to the surrounding terrain. He asked the first officer to calculate the fuel required to fly to their alternate airport of Calcutta in India. This was 600 kilometers away. Controller notificed the crew about a change of wind direction however and cleared them for a straightened approach to runway 0 - 2. They had to pass a waypoint called Romeo 75 kilometers south of the airport then straight towards the runway, descending steeply after passing over the mountains to the south of the airport.
For the approach, the pilots began lowering the flaps. The crew was required to use full flaps because of the steepness of this approach. Full flaps would provide the necessary drag to stop the aircraft from getting too fast during its steep descent. The crew encoutered a problem. When they tried to lower the flaps to 15 degrees, they got stuck. Withotu the ability to use flaps. They asked to the controller for a diversion in Calcutta since there was no way to land at Kathmandu now. However before the controller gave his clearance, the crew managed to get the flaps working again by simply retracting them then extending them.Tehy told the controller they fixed the issue and could continue their approach to Kathmandu. However the aircraft was higher than its ideal approach. So the crew asked the controller if they could return to the Romeo waypoint to retry their approach.Investigators noticed later that it appeared that the captain was making all of the radio transmissions as well as flying the aircraft which is a stark departure from how workload is supposed to be managed in commercial airliners. Usually one pilot is designated pilot flying while the other is pilot not flying who carries out duties like talking to air traffic control and reading the checklists while the pilot flying naturally flies the aircraft. This could be this splitting of workload is essential for safety especially during busy phases od flight such as approach and landing. It prevents any one fligt crew member from becoming task saturated. When the captain requested a turn back to begin the approach again, there was no response from traffic control. He called 4 times and each time he received no response. The aircraft was now 10 kilometers away from the airport. So the captain took matters in his own hands, turning back to the waypoint behind, doing a right hand turn instead of a left hand turn because the controller said previously that there were other aircrafts on the left hand side.
Captain selected the heading select mode of the autopilot, then instructing the first officer to locate the Romeo waypoint using the FMC. The captain was climbing during his turn. He reported his actions to the controller who told him to desscend back to 11 500 feet because there were other aircrafts at higher altitudes nearby. The captain allowed himself to become task saturated here, climbing while turning, then descending while talking to air traffic controller. Heading selected knob was still turned by the captain to the right without realizing it and with no visual reference at the windscreen to track his position. Instead of doing a 180 degrees turn onto a heading of 220, he had done a full 360 onto a heading of 0 - 2 and with both his attention and those of the first officer being fully focused on getting to Romeo waypoint to show up on the flight management computer, neither pilot realize they had done a complete circle and were flying straight towards some of the highest mountains of the world. After first officer managed to key into the Romeo waypoint, the FMS displayed a 180 degrees turn on the navigation displays. In the pilots heads, they were heading south and Romeo was ahead of them. But FMS told them it was behidn them. For 6 minutes both pilots were occupied with troubleshooting the Flight Management System. When controller asked their distance to the airport and the pilots siad 5 miles away, this made no sense for the controller. Meanwhile, pilots lost all situational awareness. They should have been easily 20 miles from the airport at this point. Controller, after being confirmed by the captain that they were 5 miles away, decided to not pursue the issue further. Some minutes later the first officer noticed the compass showing the aircraft heading north. The captain, convinced of his first officer's incompetence, didn't absorb the import of his question. First officer should have make a statement rather than a question here.
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FIRE onboard!? The nightmare of Swissair 111
Swissair MD 111. It was in mid of September 2nd 1998. 215 passengers and 14 crew boarded on flight 111 at JFK international airport at New York. They were bound for Geneva, Switzerland, for a 7 flight hour journey. Back in 1998, flight 111 had different connotations. It was become known as the United Nations shuttle because many of the passengers were UN officials. The majority of the passengers were came from the USA, France and Switzerland. There were 21 nationalities in total on the flight. The aircraft this night was also carrying a painting by Pablo Picasso. On the cockpit, Urs Zimmermann was tha captain, 49 years old. He was flying 11 000 hours in total at this time, 900 of which on this aircraft. He started his career as a fighter pilot in Swiss Air Force before joining SwissAir in 1971. He was also an instructor pilot who trained new SwissAir pilots to fly the MD 11. He was described as someone who worked with precision and exactness while bringing a friendly and profesional atmosphere. He was also keen to improve his knowledge of the aircraft he flew and was known to question technical specialists in the maintenance department about the aircraft and its systems. Stefan Low was the first officer. He had just over 5 000 hours of total flying time, with just over 200 of which on the MD 11. He also started his career in the Swiss Air Force and was a fighter pilot for several years before joining Swissair in 1991. He was also an instructor pilot on the MD 11. He had flown before on the Airbus A320 and the MD 80. He was described by colleagues as having a calm and quiet demeanor in the cockpit but he could be assertive when appropriate. The MD 11 aircraft was relatively new in 1998, having been released just 8 years previously. It had a modern so called glass cockpit with digital displays and a sophisticated navigation and autopilot system. Its 3 engines made it a fuel efficient alternative to 4 engined jets like the Boeing 747.
Swissair was one of the first company to implement some innovations in first and business class. They allowed passengers to watch movies, play games, and even access the internet from their seats. The plane lined up with the runway, then the first officer pushed the engines to take off thrust. They then climbed at 33 000 feet. Within minutes of reaching their cruising altitude, the first officer noticed an unusual smelling, then noticed to the captain who sensed it too. Shortly afterwards, the captain saw wisps of smoke coming from the ceiling behind the first officer. It's not unusual for the air conditioner to produce vapour on a plane. So it didn't bother them much at first. In fact the smoke came from a gap beside the air conditioning vent in the cockpit. First officer handed controls to the captain to investigate just in case. By this point the smoke had disappeared. The captain called the flight attendant into the cockpit to see if she could smell anything odd. She said she could smell something in the cockpit but not in the cabin. After that, above their heads in the space between the cockpit ceiling and the skin of the aircraft, a fire started to take hold. Electrical arcing from wires supplying the in flight entertainment system had ignited insulation material which started to smoulder. Foe years, Swissair had been aware of problems with the in flight entertainment system. Some airlines decided to not install it in their aircraft because of how much power it drew. Pilots were reassured that the smoke likely came the air conditioning system. But to check, they brought up the air page on the system display in the center of the cockpit. This showed them the status of the air conditioning and air ventilation system. But they found nothing out of ordinary or anything giving them a clue as to the source of the smoke they saw. Their instrumentation didn't show any sign of great concern. But eventually, the smoke returned.
Here the pilots began discussing about potential diversion airports. Before this the smoke was wispy and intermittent. Now it wasn't going away and was becoming thicker. The captain declared Pan Pan on radio, which means an urgent situation, one step below the mayday, for the worst emergencies.The pilots put their oxygen masks and started to prepare for diversion.Boston Logan airport was 300 nautical miles from their current position, or about 550 kilometers. The controller then suggested a closer alternative. Halifax was just 60 nautical miles away from the plane, 5 times closer than Boston. But the crew was unfamiliar with it. They would have to familiarize themselves with the approach procedures and airport layout. Aware that the pilots would be very busy preparing for the landing, the pilots from a nearby British Airways aircraft offered to help them by providing weather at Halifax. This saved the pilots from having to manually fetch the weather. As part of standard procedures for emergencies like this, the controller asked the pilot how many fuel was left and how many passengers on board they had. But the crew was too busy to check this information. They had to triage. The first officer puts the aircraft in a steep descent with the aircraft losing 4 000 feet every minute. He changed the selected speed on the autopilot from 295 knots to 310 knots in an effort to reach Halifax more quickly. He extended the speedbrakes on the wings to stop the plane for overspeeding. The captain told the cabin that because of the smoke, they prepared to land in Halifax in the next 20 minutes. No one in the cabin saw the gravity of the situation. As the captain was fully occupied with emergency checklists and the airport's charts, he hadned both flying duty and radio duty to the first officer. Runway 06 was more or less on straight line for the pilots. But they were too high and they would be way too fast to land now. So they used a backbeam approach to navigate accuratly.
Because it was still too cloudy to see the runway on windscreen. The captain called a flight attendant into the cockpit to get him charts for Halifax. Even with the turn, there was a problem. The aircraft took off from New York 1 hour ago so it was still full on fuel. If they landed that heavy, they could not be able to stop the aircraft before the end of the runway. They had to dump fuel before landing. They had to dump some fuel over the ocean but at the same time stay close to the airport in case their situation became worse. The first officer told the captain that the controller wanted the fuel dump to take place to the south of the airport. However that would take them further away from the airport. If the captain didn't dump the fuel, even by doing far away from the airport for a moment, there was a risk of overshooting on landing, possibly injuring or even killing passengers. However if he turned south and the situation in the cockpit became more critical, it would be much harder to make it to Halifax in time. Since he didn't see any fire and that the smoke in the cabin wasn't that bad, and also since he didn't want to land overweight and underprepared in such an unfamiliar airport, he choose to dump the fuel. The first officer agreed. It gave the controller the illusion that there was no emergency. In the compartment above the cockpit, fire began to spread and intensify. When seeing checklists about smoke or fume of unknown origins, it eventually told him to turn off the cabin bus which supplied electrical power to the cabin. The purpose was to stop or at least isolate any sources of ignition. Except that in the business class section, the in flight entertainment screens were still glowin. When they have been fitted to the aircraft a few months previously, they were wired up not to the cabin bus which handles the electricity supply for non flight essential parts of the aircraft but to a different electrical bus.
This was not reflected in the check list however as it was created before the entertainment system had been installed. So into the flight entertainment network, electricity was still supplied., a system which pilots knew it had problems with overheating since it was first installed. Turning off the cabin bus also disabled the recirculation fans which had been drawing the air rearward, into the space above the passenger cabin. Now the smoke was free to move forwards towards the cockpit. Eventually, the autopilot disconnected, adding another workload to the pilots. Then fire started appearing above the pilots. Pilots told the controller that they were dumping fuel now and heading immediatly to the airport but unluckily, the controller missed this part. The aircraft's systems were failing one by one. As the fire spread, it disabled more systems, burning through wiring which supplied the transponder with power which made the plane disappear from controller's radar. Only the tiny standby instruments remaining could guide them to the airport now. He switched the source of electrical power to these instruments but it was no good. The power supply didn't last long enough for the screens to fully come to life. Some alarms sounded, some real and other erroneous as more systems became affected by the fire. One of the erroneous one indicated that engine 2, the one on the tail, was on fire, so it was shut down. Flight 111 struck the ocean at an estimated speed of 345 miles per hour, killing everyone instantly. Canada's Transportation Safety Abroad investigated and over the year, an extensive trawling operation dredged up 98% of the aircraft from the bottom of the ocean.
FIRE onboard!? The nightmare of Swissair 111
Swissair MD 111. It was in mid of September 2nd 1998. 215 passengers and 14 crew boarded on flight 111 at JFK international airport at New York. They were bound for Geneva, Switzerland, for a 7 flight hour journey. Back in 1998, flight 111 had different connotations. It was become known as the United Nations shuttle because many of the passengers were UN officials. The majority of the passengers were came from the USA, France and Switzerland. There were 21 nationalities in total on the flight. The aircraft this night was also carrying a painting by Pablo Picasso. On the cockpit, Urs Zimmermann was tha captain, 49 years old. He was flying 11 000 hours in total at this time, 900 of which on this aircraft. He started his career as a fighter pilot in Swiss Air Force before joining SwissAir in 1971. He was also an instructor pilot who trained new SwissAir pilots to fly the MD 11. He was described as someone who worked with precision and exactness while bringing a friendly and profesional atmosphere. He was also keen to improve his knowledge of the aircraft he flew and was known to question technical specialists in the maintenance department about the aircraft and its systems. Stefan Low was the first officer. He had just over 5 000 hours of total flying time, with just over 200 of which on the MD 11. He also started his career in the Swiss Air Force and was a fighter pilot for several years before joining Swissair in 1991. He was also an instructor pilot on the MD 11. He had flown before on the Airbus A320 and the MD 80. He was described by colleagues as having a calm and quiet demeanor in the cockpit but he could be assertive when appropriate. The MD 11 aircraft was relatively new in 1998, having been released just 8 years previously. It had a modern so called glass cockpit with digital displays and a sophisticated navigation and autopilot system. Its 3 engines made it a fuel efficient alternative to 4 engined jets like the Boeing 747.
Swissair was one of the first company to implement some innovations in first and business class. They allowed passengers to watch movies, play games, and even access the internet from their seats. The plane lined up with the runway, then the first officer pushed the engines to take off thrust. They then climbed at 33 000 feet. Within minutes of reaching their cruising altitude, the first officer noticed an unusual smelling, then noticed to the captain who sensed it too. Shortly afterwards, the captain saw wisps of smoke coming from the ceiling behind the first officer. It's not unusual for the air conditioner to produce vapour on a plane. So it didn't bother them much at first. In fact the smoke came from a gap beside the air conditioning vent in the cockpit. First officer handed controls to the captain to investigate just in case. By this point the smoke had disappeared. The captain called the flight attendant into the cockpit to see if she could smell anything odd. She said she could smell something in the cockpit but not in the cabin. After that, above their heads in the space between the cockpit ceiling and the skin of the aircraft, a fire started to take hold. Electrical arcing from wires supplying the in flight entertainment system had ignited insulation material which started to smoulder. Foe years, Swissair had been aware of problems with the in flight entertainment system. Some airlines decided to not install it in their aircraft because of how much power it drew. Pilots were reassured that the smoke likely came the air conditioning system. But to check, they brought up the air page on the system display in the center of the cockpit. This showed them the status of the air conditioning and air ventilation system. But they found nothing out of ordinary or anything giving them a clue as to the source of the smoke they saw. Their instrumentation didn't show any sign of great concern. But eventually, the smoke returned.
Here the pilots began discussing about potential diversion airports. Before this the smoke was wispy and intermittent. Now it wasn't going away and was becoming thicker. The captain declared Pan Pan on radio, which means an urgent situation, one step below the mayday, for the worst emergencies.The pilots put their oxygen masks and started to prepare for diversion.Boston Logan airport was 300 nautical miles from their current position, or about 550 kilometers. The controller then suggested a closer alternative. Halifax was just 60 nautical miles away from the plane, 5 times closer than Boston. But the crew was unfamiliar with it. They would have to familiarize themselves with the approach procedures and airport layout. Aware that the pilots would be very busy preparing for the landing, the pilots from a nearby British Airways aircraft offered to help them by providing weather at Halifax. This saved the pilots from having to manually fetch the weather. As part of standard procedures for emergencies like this, the controller asked the pilot how many fuel was left and how many passengers on board they had. But the crew was too busy to check this information. They had to triage. The first officer puts the aircraft in a steep descent with the aircraft losing 4 000 feet every minute. He changed the selected speed on the autopilot from 295 knots to 310 knots in an effort to reach Halifax more quickly. He extended the speedbrakes on the wings to stop the plane for overspeeding. The captain told the cabin that because of the smoke, they prepared to land in Halifax in the next 20 minutes. No one in the cabin saw the gravity of the situation. As the captain was fully occupied with emergency checklists and the airport's charts, he hadned both flying duty and radio duty to the first officer. Runway 06 was more or less on straight line for the pilots. But they were too high and they would be way too fast to land now. So they used a backbeam approach to navigate accuratly.
Because it was still too cloudy to see the runway on windscreen. The captain called a flight attendant into the cockpit to get him charts for Halifax. Even with the turn, there was a problem. The aircraft took off from New York 1 hour ago so it was still full on fuel. If they landed that heavy, they could not be able to stop the aircraft before the end of the runway. They had to dump fuel before landing. They had to dump some fuel over the ocean but at the same time stay close to the airport in case their situation became worse. The first officer told the captain that the controller wanted the fuel dump to take place to the south of the airport. However that would take them further away from the airport. If the captain didn't dump the fuel, even by doing far away from the airport for a moment, there was a risk of overshooting on landing, possibly injuring or even killing passengers. However if he turned south and the situation in the cockpit became more critical, it would be much harder to make it to Halifax in time. Since he didn't see any fire and that the smoke in the cabin wasn't that bad, and also since he didn't want to land overweight and underprepared in such an unfamiliar airport, he choose to dump the fuel. The first officer agreed. It gave the controller the illusion that there was no emergency. In the compartment above the cockpit, fire began to spread and intensify. When seeing checklists about smoke or fume of unknown origins, it eventually told him to turn off the cabin bus which supplied electrical power to the cabin. The purpose was to stop or at least isolate any sources of ignition. Except that in the business class section, the in flight entertainment screens were still glowin. When they have been fitted to the aircraft a few months previously, they were wired up not to the cabin bus which handles the electricity supply for non flight essential parts of the aircraft but to a different electrical bus.
This was not reflected in the check list however as it was created before the entertainment system had been installed. So into the flight entertainment network, electricity was still supplied., a system which pilots knew it had problems with overheating since it was first installed. Turning off the cabin bus also disabled the recirculation fans which had been drawing the air rearward, into the space above the passenger cabin. Now the smoke was free to move forwards towards the cockpit. Eventually, the autopilot disconnected, adding another workload to the pilots. Then fire started appearing above the pilots. Pilots told the controller that they were dumping fuel now and heading immediatly to the airport but unluckily, the controller missed this part. The aircraft's systems were failing one by one. As the fire spread, it disabled more systems, burning through wiring which supplied the transponder with power which made the plane disappear from controller's radar. Only the tiny standby instruments remaining could guide them to the airport now. He switched the source of electrical power to these instruments but it was no good. The power supply didn't last long enough for the screens to fully come to life. Some alarms sounded, some real and other erroneous as more systems became affected by the fire. One of the erroneous one indicated that engine 2, the one on the tail, was on fire, so it was shut down. Flight 111 struck the ocean at an estimated speed of 345 miles per hour, killing everyone instantly. Canada's Transportation Safety Abroad investigated and over the year, an extensive trawling operation dredged up 98% of the aircraft from the bottom of the ocean.
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A bundle of wiring which powered the in flight entertainment network had short circuited. This electrical arcing had ignited a thin sheet of what's known as mylar, which covered the thermal insulation material used in the aircraft. Once the fire started, there was no stopping it. The final report of this accident noted that the emergency checklists that Swissair used, which were very similar to those used across the industry didn't prioritize landing in the event of a possible fire but rather they emphasized determining the nature and source of the smoke first. The checklist for smoke of unknown origin, landing to the next airport was just the last item rather than the first. The checklist is expected to take 20 to 30 minutes to complete. The time from where the fire started from when the aircraft hit the ocean was just 21 minutes. This is a typical time course for the development of fires on commercial aircrafts. Tragically, the investigators found that even if the crew had started an emergency descent into Halifax from the moment they first smelled smoke, they still wouldn't have had enough time to make a proper landing. Nonetheless this crash had a massive influence on the way on board fires are treated in aircrafts today. Nowadays when a fire is suspected, the pilots are trained to land immediatly. Checklists for fire and smoke now prioritize fire fighting by the cabin crew and the pilots, using the portable fre extinguishers carried on board. Crew are even trained to break through cabin interior panels to fight inaccessible fires. In addition, all insulation materials on commercial aircrafts today must be shown not to ignite or propagate flame even when directly exposed to flame or electrical arcing. Smoke detectors are now installled in various parts of aircraft to provide crew with earlier warnings.
Why do aircraft store fuel in the wings?
There are 3 good reasons for that. First reason is weight and balance. Both are important when constructing an aircraft. How passengers are seated in the cabin, where the cargo is situated and also where is the fuel which is weighting many tons. The wings are giving all the lift needed to fly so the center of gravity of the aircraft needs to be situated more or less over the center on the wings. That gives the aircraft stability. It makes it more aerodynamic as well because it doesn't need to use so much elevator input. If you have tanks situated on the nose of the aircraft, or far towards the tail, that would mean that as the fuel is being used, is being depleted by the aircraft,the center of gravity will move. It's not something that you normally want. There were fighter aircrafts like like the SR 71 for example wthat used fuel in order to trim it but large airliners don't use this in normal cases. Second reason is storage room. Aircraft is build to have as much as payload as possible whether it's passengers, cargo or baggage.. That's put into the tube that forms the aircraft body. That means there is only little room for things like fuel. We need a lot of room for fuel and the wings are perfectly suited for this. The wings are almost completly hollow. They are formed by a couple of wing bulks in the center of the wings that take up much of the load. And then you have the horizontal spars that form little walls inside the ring. They make up the shape of the wing and it makes sure the wing is structurally sound. Fuel tank inside of a plane is not the same that a tank inside of a car. Inside of a car it's like a rubber box that you fill up with fuel. But in the aircraft, it's actually the structure in itself that's being used. It's being made sure that it's completly watertight, so it's been sealed off. So the fuel is pumped up into the space itself.
That means they can utilize a big part of the wing as a tank. The fact that you have these spars going at regular intervals inside of the wings, that have a good secondary effect which which is it keeps the fuel from sloshing from moving quickly if the aircraft is turning or if you are subject to turbulence because these spars have holes in them. They are perforated by holes that will allow to move inside of the tanks. But it will slow the fuel movement down quite a bit. This means you will not have large and quick movements of fuel inside the wing. So the wings are perfectly suited for being tanks. Third reason is the structural integrity of the aircraft. Wings will take most amount of the lift during takeoff because that's when the aircraft is heaviest, with all the fuel on board. Passengers, cargo, fuel, etc... are situated at the center of the wings. That's weighting down the center of the wings. The lift is being taken off by the entire wing surface. So if you have all of the weight at the center and you have all of the parts of the wing producing the lift, what you will get is this, the wings will be flexing. The wings are perfectly constructed to flex but only to a certain amout. So to distribute the weight more equally over the wings, they put fuel inside of the wings. The fual tanks will act as counterweights. It means that instead of having all of the weight at the center, it will be evenly more distributed over the wings. It's worth noticing that in most systems, the fuel inside of the centre tank is used first. The center tank is situated behind the main wheel well bay in order to keep that as close to the center of gravity as possible. There are AC controlled fuel pumps for that. The AC controlledfuel pumps inside of the center tank has higher output pressure than the ones on the wings so the center fuel tank pumps is pushing the fuel out first. And when the fuel from the center tank is depleted, they will start to use the fuel from the wing tanks.
Why are the jet-engines placed there? Wings vs Tail
To have the engines mounted in pods below the wings have some really obvious beneficial things with it. You will have much easier access to the engines for example in case of maintenance. So easier maintenance stuff like changing oil or even heavier maintenance stuff. Also you can fit larger engines under the wings. As aircraft engines start to develop, they become bigger and bigger because they want a higher bypass ratio. They want bigger fans to push more air towards the back. Those bigger engines can only really be fitted under the wings of the aircraft and the only thing that is limiting the size of the engine is the size and the height of the landing gear. You need to strenghten the back of the engine to fit engines into it. You can also fit more engines under the wings. If you want a 4 engines aircraft, it's harder to fit 4 engines in pods on the wings rather than fit 4 at the back. Also, having engines fitted to the wings will help with warning bending as in they will weigh the wings down and that will help them to keep them from bending when we are taking a lot of lift from the wings. They also have a beneficial effect when it comes to counteracting wing flutter. Anything that isn't a bit of flexible when it's moving to a medium in this case air can get can get into vibrations and sometimes those vibrations become uncontrollable and if they become too bad, that might break the wing. Having engines mounted under the wings imports slightly of in front of the wings will help. Another thing good with is is that the engines are a little bit separated from the body of the aircraft and that is good if you have a catastrophic fault with the engines or if you have an engine fire. Since the engines are not in direct contact with the cabin, a fire will not be immediatly dangerous for the people inside of the aircraft. Other benefits include wings acting as a sound damper.
.Now under mounted engines tend to be further away from the from the body than engines mounted at the back of the aircraft. That's beneficial in most cases. However if you have an engine failure it also means that there is more leverage as in since the power of the engine is subjected to the wing. Further away from the body if you have an engine failure, you gonna have a larger jolt moment so the engine still producing thrust is going to pull forward the one that is not. Since you have this kind of leverage, the aircraft will have a tendency to taw very storngly towards the side of the dead engine, needing you have to counteract quickly with rudder and for doing that especially at low speed when you don't have too much aerodynamic effectiveness of the rudder, you need a very large rudder. It's why you see much larger rudders on aircrafts that have under mounted engines than you do on aircrafts that have engines mounted at the back. Another handling characteristic is the fact that since the engines are mounted underneath the center of gravity of the aircraft, it means that as you add thrust, the engines will cause a pitch up moment, meaning that if you sit on final and struggling with speed for example, you make larger thrust corrections, the aircraft will also pitch differently. So a lot of time in line training is spent on the thrust pitch. As you add thrust you need to pitch forward almost immediatly and if you take off thrust you need to pull back a little bit in order for the aircraft altitude to stay constant.
A bundle of wiring which powered the in flight entertainment network had short circuited. This electrical arcing had ignited a thin sheet of what's known as mylar, which covered the thermal insulation material used in the aircraft. Once the fire started, there was no stopping it. The final report of this accident noted that the emergency checklists that Swissair used, which were very similar to those used across the industry didn't prioritize landing in the event of a possible fire but rather they emphasized determining the nature and source of the smoke first. The checklist for smoke of unknown origin, landing to the next airport was just the last item rather than the first. The checklist is expected to take 20 to 30 minutes to complete. The time from where the fire started from when the aircraft hit the ocean was just 21 minutes. This is a typical time course for the development of fires on commercial aircrafts. Tragically, the investigators found that even if the crew had started an emergency descent into Halifax from the moment they first smelled smoke, they still wouldn't have had enough time to make a proper landing. Nonetheless this crash had a massive influence on the way on board fires are treated in aircrafts today. Nowadays when a fire is suspected, the pilots are trained to land immediatly. Checklists for fire and smoke now prioritize fire fighting by the cabin crew and the pilots, using the portable fre extinguishers carried on board. Crew are even trained to break through cabin interior panels to fight inaccessible fires. In addition, all insulation materials on commercial aircrafts today must be shown not to ignite or propagate flame even when directly exposed to flame or electrical arcing. Smoke detectors are now installled in various parts of aircraft to provide crew with earlier warnings.
Why do aircraft store fuel in the wings?
There are 3 good reasons for that. First reason is weight and balance. Both are important when constructing an aircraft. How passengers are seated in the cabin, where the cargo is situated and also where is the fuel which is weighting many tons. The wings are giving all the lift needed to fly so the center of gravity of the aircraft needs to be situated more or less over the center on the wings. That gives the aircraft stability. It makes it more aerodynamic as well because it doesn't need to use so much elevator input. If you have tanks situated on the nose of the aircraft, or far towards the tail, that would mean that as the fuel is being used, is being depleted by the aircraft,the center of gravity will move. It's not something that you normally want. There were fighter aircrafts like like the SR 71 for example wthat used fuel in order to trim it but large airliners don't use this in normal cases. Second reason is storage room. Aircraft is build to have as much as payload as possible whether it's passengers, cargo or baggage.. That's put into the tube that forms the aircraft body. That means there is only little room for things like fuel. We need a lot of room for fuel and the wings are perfectly suited for this. The wings are almost completly hollow. They are formed by a couple of wing bulks in the center of the wings that take up much of the load. And then you have the horizontal spars that form little walls inside the ring. They make up the shape of the wing and it makes sure the wing is structurally sound. Fuel tank inside of a plane is not the same that a tank inside of a car. Inside of a car it's like a rubber box that you fill up with fuel. But in the aircraft, it's actually the structure in itself that's being used. It's being made sure that it's completly watertight, so it's been sealed off. So the fuel is pumped up into the space itself.
That means they can utilize a big part of the wing as a tank. The fact that you have these spars going at regular intervals inside of the wings, that have a good secondary effect which which is it keeps the fuel from sloshing from moving quickly if the aircraft is turning or if you are subject to turbulence because these spars have holes in them. They are perforated by holes that will allow to move inside of the tanks. But it will slow the fuel movement down quite a bit. This means you will not have large and quick movements of fuel inside the wing. So the wings are perfectly suited for being tanks. Third reason is the structural integrity of the aircraft. Wings will take most amount of the lift during takeoff because that's when the aircraft is heaviest, with all the fuel on board. Passengers, cargo, fuel, etc... are situated at the center of the wings. That's weighting down the center of the wings. The lift is being taken off by the entire wing surface. So if you have all of the weight at the center and you have all of the parts of the wing producing the lift, what you will get is this, the wings will be flexing. The wings are perfectly constructed to flex but only to a certain amout. So to distribute the weight more equally over the wings, they put fuel inside of the wings. The fual tanks will act as counterweights. It means that instead of having all of the weight at the center, it will be evenly more distributed over the wings. It's worth noticing that in most systems, the fuel inside of the centre tank is used first. The center tank is situated behind the main wheel well bay in order to keep that as close to the center of gravity as possible. There are AC controlled fuel pumps for that. The AC controlledfuel pumps inside of the center tank has higher output pressure than the ones on the wings so the center fuel tank pumps is pushing the fuel out first. And when the fuel from the center tank is depleted, they will start to use the fuel from the wing tanks.
Why are the jet-engines placed there? Wings vs Tail
To have the engines mounted in pods below the wings have some really obvious beneficial things with it. You will have much easier access to the engines for example in case of maintenance. So easier maintenance stuff like changing oil or even heavier maintenance stuff. Also you can fit larger engines under the wings. As aircraft engines start to develop, they become bigger and bigger because they want a higher bypass ratio. They want bigger fans to push more air towards the back. Those bigger engines can only really be fitted under the wings of the aircraft and the only thing that is limiting the size of the engine is the size and the height of the landing gear. You need to strenghten the back of the engine to fit engines into it. You can also fit more engines under the wings. If you want a 4 engines aircraft, it's harder to fit 4 engines in pods on the wings rather than fit 4 at the back. Also, having engines fitted to the wings will help with warning bending as in they will weigh the wings down and that will help them to keep them from bending when we are taking a lot of lift from the wings. They also have a beneficial effect when it comes to counteracting wing flutter. Anything that isn't a bit of flexible when it's moving to a medium in this case air can get can get into vibrations and sometimes those vibrations become uncontrollable and if they become too bad, that might break the wing. Having engines mounted under the wings imports slightly of in front of the wings will help. Another thing good with is is that the engines are a little bit separated from the body of the aircraft and that is good if you have a catastrophic fault with the engines or if you have an engine fire. Since the engines are not in direct contact with the cabin, a fire will not be immediatly dangerous for the people inside of the aircraft. Other benefits include wings acting as a sound damper.
.Now under mounted engines tend to be further away from the from the body than engines mounted at the back of the aircraft. That's beneficial in most cases. However if you have an engine failure it also means that there is more leverage as in since the power of the engine is subjected to the wing. Further away from the body if you have an engine failure, you gonna have a larger jolt moment so the engine still producing thrust is going to pull forward the one that is not. Since you have this kind of leverage, the aircraft will have a tendency to taw very storngly towards the side of the dead engine, needing you have to counteract quickly with rudder and for doing that especially at low speed when you don't have too much aerodynamic effectiveness of the rudder, you need a very large rudder. It's why you see much larger rudders on aircrafts that have under mounted engines than you do on aircrafts that have engines mounted at the back. Another handling characteristic is the fact that since the engines are mounted underneath the center of gravity of the aircraft, it means that as you add thrust, the engines will cause a pitch up moment, meaning that if you sit on final and struggling with speed for example, you make larger thrust corrections, the aircraft will also pitch differently. So a lot of time in line training is spent on the thrust pitch. As you add thrust you need to pitch forward almost immediatly and if you take off thrust you need to pull back a little bit in order for the aircraft altitude to stay constant.
Post.
What happens if an aircraft climbs too high?!
There are 3 good reasons for an aircraft to stay as high as it does and not higher or lower. First one is economics. The higher aircrafts fly, the more economcis it becomes and the quicker they fly. It has to do with the density of air, the amount of air molecules flying over the wings. While at lwoer altitude, a certain amout of air molecules are flowing over the wings and into the pilot tube. Those are those little tubes that are in the front of the aircraft and on the back of the fin measuring how many molecules the aircraft flies into. The higher we climb the lower the density of the air is. The aircraft needs enough amout of air flowing over the wings to produce as much lift it needs it from stalling. If you get the same amout of air over the wings when there is less air available, you need to fly faster Airspeed is when you count the density. Airpssed is higher than you fly higher with the same speed. And this is for the same amount of fuel. Second reason is passenger comfort. Airlines tend to fly between 35 000 and 42 000 feet. The weather tends to stay between ground level and 35 000 feet. Climbing higher than 35 000 feet than most of the turbulence and rain clouds can be avoided. Obviously some storms and clouds go higher than that and they are mostly going to be avoided. Third reason is safety. The higher you are, the more potential energy you have, the more options you have in case something happens. With high altitude, if any system or engine fails, pilots have more time to deal with the problem until they are forced to land. If all engines fail, most if not all modern aircrafsts are excellent gliders. They glide with a ratio of about 1 to 15 or 1 to 20. That means for 1 meter dropped, it will go to 15 to 20 meters forward. If pilots lose all their engines at 37 000 feet of altitude, they will have between 60 and 70 nautical miles to find an airport.
The stall speed will increase with true airspeed, meaning that as the plane climbs higher, they get closer and closer to their potential low speed stall. Another reason and maybe the main one, why pilots can't climb higher, is because the engines will not have enough oxygen to breathe. Engines need oxygen to mix up with fuel molecules to burn to produce the thrust they need. As the density of the air keeps decreasing, so does the thrust of the engines. When the engines cannot produce a climb of 500 feet per minute for a jet aircraft, that's considered pilots maximum operating altitude. Other thing is that as the altitude increases, the temperature outside will drop. Outside temperature at 37 000 feet of altitude can be - 50, - 55 degrees Celcius if not lower than that. Something that also lowers when the temperature lowers is the speed of sound. So the speed of soud will decrease as the temperature decreases. The true airpseed stall speed At a point these 2 points will meet and when they meet, it's called the coffin corner or the Q corner. At that altitude, if the aircraft goes slower, it will get into low speed stall and if it accelerates it will go into high speed stall. Reason you go into high speed stall is because an aircraft has something called critical Mach number. This is the Mach number at which certain parts of the aircraft go into supersonic speed. Typically, pilots fly at Mach numbers of 0,77; 0,78. which is about 77% the speed of sound. If piltos accelerate beyond that, the air that is being accelerated over the wings in order to produce a lift since the aircraft is now flying at 0,81, 81% of the speed of sound, that accelerated air might actually go faster than the speed of sound, creating shock waves that will create enormous amout of drag at certain parts of the aircraftand they will have the aerodynamic effect of moving the center of pressure as in where the lift is being taken out in the wing backwards.
Those 2 things combined is going to give nasty effects. on an aircraft designed for subsonic and transonic flights. Going into supersonic flight could also break the aircraft apart.
What happens if an aircraft climbs too high?!
There are 3 good reasons for an aircraft to stay as high as it does and not higher or lower. First one is economics. The higher aircrafts fly, the more economcis it becomes and the quicker they fly. It has to do with the density of air, the amount of air molecules flying over the wings. While at lwoer altitude, a certain amout of air molecules are flowing over the wings and into the pilot tube. Those are those little tubes that are in the front of the aircraft and on the back of the fin measuring how many molecules the aircraft flies into. The higher we climb the lower the density of the air is. The aircraft needs enough amout of air flowing over the wings to produce as much lift it needs it from stalling. If you get the same amout of air over the wings when there is less air available, you need to fly faster Airspeed is when you count the density. Airpssed is higher than you fly higher with the same speed. And this is for the same amount of fuel. Second reason is passenger comfort. Airlines tend to fly between 35 000 and 42 000 feet. The weather tends to stay between ground level and 35 000 feet. Climbing higher than 35 000 feet than most of the turbulence and rain clouds can be avoided. Obviously some storms and clouds go higher than that and they are mostly going to be avoided. Third reason is safety. The higher you are, the more potential energy you have, the more options you have in case something happens. With high altitude, if any system or engine fails, pilots have more time to deal with the problem until they are forced to land. If all engines fail, most if not all modern aircrafsts are excellent gliders. They glide with a ratio of about 1 to 15 or 1 to 20. That means for 1 meter dropped, it will go to 15 to 20 meters forward. If pilots lose all their engines at 37 000 feet of altitude, they will have between 60 and 70 nautical miles to find an airport.
The stall speed will increase with true airspeed, meaning that as the plane climbs higher, they get closer and closer to their potential low speed stall. Another reason and maybe the main one, why pilots can't climb higher, is because the engines will not have enough oxygen to breathe. Engines need oxygen to mix up with fuel molecules to burn to produce the thrust they need. As the density of the air keeps decreasing, so does the thrust of the engines. When the engines cannot produce a climb of 500 feet per minute for a jet aircraft, that's considered pilots maximum operating altitude. Other thing is that as the altitude increases, the temperature outside will drop. Outside temperature at 37 000 feet of altitude can be - 50, - 55 degrees Celcius if not lower than that. Something that also lowers when the temperature lowers is the speed of sound. So the speed of soud will decrease as the temperature decreases. The true airpseed stall speed At a point these 2 points will meet and when they meet, it's called the coffin corner or the Q corner. At that altitude, if the aircraft goes slower, it will get into low speed stall and if it accelerates it will go into high speed stall. Reason you go into high speed stall is because an aircraft has something called critical Mach number. This is the Mach number at which certain parts of the aircraft go into supersonic speed. Typically, pilots fly at Mach numbers of 0,77; 0,78. which is about 77% the speed of sound. If piltos accelerate beyond that, the air that is being accelerated over the wings in order to produce a lift since the aircraft is now flying at 0,81, 81% of the speed of sound, that accelerated air might actually go faster than the speed of sound, creating shock waves that will create enormous amout of drag at certain parts of the aircraftand they will have the aerodynamic effect of moving the center of pressure as in where the lift is being taken out in the wing backwards.
Those 2 things combined is going to give nasty effects. on an aircraft designed for subsonic and transonic flights. Going into supersonic flight could also break the aircraft apart.
Post.
The Most Disturbing Movies In History Iceberg
Human centipede - The human centipede is basically about a guy that dreams to fuse lives together and create a human centipede. Doc Heel kidnaps 3 individuals and connects them front fo bottom forcing them to crawl on all fours. There are 2 more human centipedes films being more extreme than the last. Centipede was so extreme that it was for a time banned from the UK and Australia, later released with certain scenes cut.
Censored 11 - It's a group of cartoons created by the Warner Brothers during what's known as the golde age of animation. Some of these cartoons however were so controversial that they were put out of circulation by Warner brothers in 1968, like the cartoons about stereotypes and caricatures of African Americans. " Coal black and the sebben dwarfes" is a famous example. Their characters are often shown as lazy foolish or subserviant playing into harmful tropes that are more comon common in the 1930s and 1940s. Some cartoons of these were inspired by monstral shows.
Threads - Threads follows the story of 2 families, the kemps and the becketts. Ruth Beckett and Jimmy Kemps are a young couple with a life changing decision ahead of them. Ruth is pregnant and both plan to marry. Meanwhile after Soviet invade Iran, USA and USSR are in the brink of WW3. But these people in Sheffield these events feel like a world away though that all changes when diplomacy fails. Sheffield becomes a target and when the attack comes, it's brutal and unrelenting. Fire spread uncontrollably, things disappear in the buclear blast. Chaos, fear, devastating loss, nothing is spared. But real horror lies in what comes next. The film dives deep into the aftermath. Government collapses, food supplies vanish and medical care is non existent as a nuclear winter plunges thee survivors into a fight for survival against starvation, disease and radiation. Ruth survived but she struggled in this unrecognizable world as she has to take care of her newborn child who is born with mental deficiencies due to being exposed to so much radiation. The film premiered on 23rd of September 1984. during a period where the fear of nuclear war as in an all time high. So it sparked some controversy. The movie portrayed the government as disorganized and ineffective leaving the average citizen to fend for themselves. The graphic nature of the film was also controversial. Audiences weren't prepared for that brutality, such as people being burned alive, dying from radiation sickness, biting over scraps of food. It felt so realistic that some viewers reported to feel physically ill.
Zero day - You feel like in a real home video, with no slick editing, no dramatic music and no indication that what you are washing is scripted. It's designed to make it look like it's a real footage with the story following 2 high school seniors, André and Cal, as they document their everyday lives. On surface they seem like average teenagers living average lives. But a darker side emerges when on April 1999, when 2 real life high schoolers being Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold carried out a planned attack at their school, leaving 13 deads and dozens of injured. Eric and Dylan spent months documenting their plans, recording video diaries that came to be known as the basement tapes. These recordings offered a slight inside into their lives and motivation. A mix of anger, alienation and a disturbing desire to leave their mark on the world. Coming back to the movie, André and Cal feel disconnected from the world aroudn them, seeing themselves as outsiders, smarter than their peers and deeply frustrated with society. As the film progresses, they record their thoughts, feelings and preparations in strikingly similar ways of the real life Columbine shooters. Similarities don't just stop them at planning their attack, testing their weapons. André and Cal don't act like stereotyped villains. They act as normals. Just like Eric and Dylan, they go on to destroy their own high school. Zero Day was released in 2003, just 4 years after the real life shooting events. Many critics wondered if it was too soon to create a story so closely resembling to the real events as the film risked glamorizing the shooters by humanizing them.
The exorcist - When it debuted in theaters in 1973, it wasn't just a movie but an event based on the best story selling novel by William Peter Blatty. The film tells the story of a young girl named Regan who becomes possessed by a demon forcing her mother to seek help from 2 Catholic priests. But the horror didn't stopped when the camera stopped rolling. In fact, the most unsetting events happened off screen haunting the production and those who worked on it. The strengeness began almost immediatly. What should have been a normal shoot quickly spired into chaos with a serie of bizzare and unexplained accidents leaving the casting crew shaken. The most infamous was in early production when afire broke out on set overnight the entire sound stage for the McNeil family home where of most the film's indoor scenes were shot was destroyed. The fire forced the crew to hold production for 6 weeks. They rebuilt the set from scratch but strangely amidst the production, one room remained untouched : Regan's bedroom where the exorcism scenes were to take place. Even the crew hardened by years in the business found this detail deeply unsettling. William Friedklin, the director was unevered, reportedly brought a real priest, father Thomas Birmingham to bless the set after the fire. The priest walked through the rebuilt sound stage, sprinkling holy water and performing prayers of protection. However, accidents seemed to still follow the production wherever it went. Ellen Burston who played Regan's mother, Chris Mcneel, suffered a seriou back injury during a stunk gone wrong.
It was in a scene where Regan under demonic possession throws her mother across the room. Burston was rigged to harness and yanked backwards to make it more realistic. But things went wrong and the force of the pull caused Burston to accidentally fall, injuring her lower spine. Her real scream was captured on camera and was left in the final cut of the film. Linda Blair, the actor of Regan, wasn't spared either with the acress enduring 7 injuries that were quite severe by times. In one incident, the mechanical bed used to simulate Regan's violent trashing malfunctioned, causing Blair to suffer a permanent back injury. But the accidents weren't confined to the set. Strange and tragic events seemed to follow the cast and the crew into their personnal lives with one of the worst accidents involving Max Von Sadal, who played father Marin, the priest who leads the exorcism in the film. Shortly after he arrived in New York to film Max received the word that his brother died unepextadly. Other crew and their families suffer inexpected losses during the making of the movie. In total, 9 deaths were linked to people connected with the Exorcist while it was in production, from actors family members to set workers. All this set of tragedy added to thee growing belief that the film was actually cursed.
The Most Disturbing Movies In History Iceberg
Human centipede - The human centipede is basically about a guy that dreams to fuse lives together and create a human centipede. Doc Heel kidnaps 3 individuals and connects them front fo bottom forcing them to crawl on all fours. There are 2 more human centipedes films being more extreme than the last. Centipede was so extreme that it was for a time banned from the UK and Australia, later released with certain scenes cut.
Censored 11 - It's a group of cartoons created by the Warner Brothers during what's known as the golde age of animation. Some of these cartoons however were so controversial that they were put out of circulation by Warner brothers in 1968, like the cartoons about stereotypes and caricatures of African Americans. " Coal black and the sebben dwarfes" is a famous example. Their characters are often shown as lazy foolish or subserviant playing into harmful tropes that are more comon common in the 1930s and 1940s. Some cartoons of these were inspired by monstral shows.
Threads - Threads follows the story of 2 families, the kemps and the becketts. Ruth Beckett and Jimmy Kemps are a young couple with a life changing decision ahead of them. Ruth is pregnant and both plan to marry. Meanwhile after Soviet invade Iran, USA and USSR are in the brink of WW3. But these people in Sheffield these events feel like a world away though that all changes when diplomacy fails. Sheffield becomes a target and when the attack comes, it's brutal and unrelenting. Fire spread uncontrollably, things disappear in the buclear blast. Chaos, fear, devastating loss, nothing is spared. But real horror lies in what comes next. The film dives deep into the aftermath. Government collapses, food supplies vanish and medical care is non existent as a nuclear winter plunges thee survivors into a fight for survival against starvation, disease and radiation. Ruth survived but she struggled in this unrecognizable world as she has to take care of her newborn child who is born with mental deficiencies due to being exposed to so much radiation. The film premiered on 23rd of September 1984. during a period where the fear of nuclear war as in an all time high. So it sparked some controversy. The movie portrayed the government as disorganized and ineffective leaving the average citizen to fend for themselves. The graphic nature of the film was also controversial. Audiences weren't prepared for that brutality, such as people being burned alive, dying from radiation sickness, biting over scraps of food. It felt so realistic that some viewers reported to feel physically ill.
Zero day - You feel like in a real home video, with no slick editing, no dramatic music and no indication that what you are washing is scripted. It's designed to make it look like it's a real footage with the story following 2 high school seniors, André and Cal, as they document their everyday lives. On surface they seem like average teenagers living average lives. But a darker side emerges when on April 1999, when 2 real life high schoolers being Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold carried out a planned attack at their school, leaving 13 deads and dozens of injured. Eric and Dylan spent months documenting their plans, recording video diaries that came to be known as the basement tapes. These recordings offered a slight inside into their lives and motivation. A mix of anger, alienation and a disturbing desire to leave their mark on the world. Coming back to the movie, André and Cal feel disconnected from the world aroudn them, seeing themselves as outsiders, smarter than their peers and deeply frustrated with society. As the film progresses, they record their thoughts, feelings and preparations in strikingly similar ways of the real life Columbine shooters. Similarities don't just stop them at planning their attack, testing their weapons. André and Cal don't act like stereotyped villains. They act as normals. Just like Eric and Dylan, they go on to destroy their own high school. Zero Day was released in 2003, just 4 years after the real life shooting events. Many critics wondered if it was too soon to create a story so closely resembling to the real events as the film risked glamorizing the shooters by humanizing them.
The exorcist - When it debuted in theaters in 1973, it wasn't just a movie but an event based on the best story selling novel by William Peter Blatty. The film tells the story of a young girl named Regan who becomes possessed by a demon forcing her mother to seek help from 2 Catholic priests. But the horror didn't stopped when the camera stopped rolling. In fact, the most unsetting events happened off screen haunting the production and those who worked on it. The strengeness began almost immediatly. What should have been a normal shoot quickly spired into chaos with a serie of bizzare and unexplained accidents leaving the casting crew shaken. The most infamous was in early production when afire broke out on set overnight the entire sound stage for the McNeil family home where of most the film's indoor scenes were shot was destroyed. The fire forced the crew to hold production for 6 weeks. They rebuilt the set from scratch but strangely amidst the production, one room remained untouched : Regan's bedroom where the exorcism scenes were to take place. Even the crew hardened by years in the business found this detail deeply unsettling. William Friedklin, the director was unevered, reportedly brought a real priest, father Thomas Birmingham to bless the set after the fire. The priest walked through the rebuilt sound stage, sprinkling holy water and performing prayers of protection. However, accidents seemed to still follow the production wherever it went. Ellen Burston who played Regan's mother, Chris Mcneel, suffered a seriou back injury during a stunk gone wrong.
It was in a scene where Regan under demonic possession throws her mother across the room. Burston was rigged to harness and yanked backwards to make it more realistic. But things went wrong and the force of the pull caused Burston to accidentally fall, injuring her lower spine. Her real scream was captured on camera and was left in the final cut of the film. Linda Blair, the actor of Regan, wasn't spared either with the acress enduring 7 injuries that were quite severe by times. In one incident, the mechanical bed used to simulate Regan's violent trashing malfunctioned, causing Blair to suffer a permanent back injury. But the accidents weren't confined to the set. Strange and tragic events seemed to follow the cast and the crew into their personnal lives with one of the worst accidents involving Max Von Sadal, who played father Marin, the priest who leads the exorcism in the film. Shortly after he arrived in New York to film Max received the word that his brother died unepextadly. Other crew and their families suffer inexpected losses during the making of the movie. In total, 9 deaths were linked to people connected with the Exorcist while it was in production, from actors family members to set workers. All this set of tragedy added to thee growing belief that the film was actually cursed.
Post.
On level 4 of the iceberg there are movies like Mai Chan's daily life. - It follows a young women's life, who secures a life and made position at a secluded mansion. At first everything appears normal with polish floors, pristine, french maid outfits and the promise of a stable life away from the chaos of the outside world. But as the character begings her work, she realizes there is nothing ordinary about this place. The other maids like Miao are here to server. But their roles extend far beyond cleaning when taking orders. They are subjected to their employers perverse and violent fantasies, forced into acts of submission and degradation. Among the 3 maids, one stands out, possessing an ability : healing from any injury no matter how severe it is. Immortality might be a gift, in her cuse this is her curse. Her employers exploit her regenerative powers to in the most grotesque ways imaginable. Day after day, Mai becomes the unwilling centerpiece of their desire, enduring acts of torture and violence that are all shown to the viewers in graphic details. At first, Miyako is horrified watching Mai endure these endless pain with no relief. It's a spectable that should repel anyone but this mansion has a way of warping those those who live within these walls. And slowly, Miyako's resistance fails under pressure. From her employers she is persuaded to take part in their cruelty inflicted on Mai. One of the most infamous sequences involves acts of cannibalism with her abusers literlaly talking pieces out of her, consuming them as though they were a disposable source of endless food. The film doesn't spare you any of the details.
Every shot and every scene become hard to get trough. The grotesque imagery is aired with a nonchalance. The characters around her don't treat her with pity and compassion. They see her as an object for their entertainment with the dehumanization of Mai being central to the film's chock factor. When the film was released, it was immediatly controversial. Even in a country like Japan, known for its tolerance of extreme entertainment, especially when it comes to video games, the film was met with outrage, discussed. Outside of Japan, the reaction was even more severe. The film was either banned either heavily censored in multiple countries, deemed too graphic and too disturbing for public consumption.
Birth of a nation. - It first the movie looks like an epic tale of the American civil war and it's aftermatch. But if you actually watch it, it's not just telling a story but rather spreading a message and a dangerous one at that. The film is divided into 2 parts. The first half shows the Civil War and its devastating impact on 2 white families. The stoneman from the north and the Camerons from the south.It betrays their struggles, their heartbreaks and their losses during the war. This part of the film is dramatic, emotionnal and carefully crafted to draw you though it's easy to forget what's coming next. The second half is where the true intentions of the film become clear. It focuses on reconstruction, the period after the Civil War when the South was being rebuilt. The director of the film, D. W. Griffith, doesn't show this as a time of progress. Instead, he portrays it as a nightmare. Black characters played by white actors in black paint are shown as corrupt, violent and incapable of governing. THey are depicted as predators out to destroy white Southern society. One of the most infamous parts of the film is its portrayal of the Ku Klux Klan. The director doesn't show the clan as the violent, racist group that we know today. Instead they are painted as noble heros, riding to save the south from the chaos caused by black people. In one dramatic scene, the clan charges to the rescue of a white family with dramatic music swelling in the background. This scene is designed to make the audience sheer for them, to see them as saviors, not villains. In another scene, a black character chases a white women trying to force her into marriage. She runs in terror and eventually throws herself off a cliff to escape. The birth of a nation also portrays reconstruction era black politicians as lazy, incompetent and immorals. In one scene, they are shown drinking alcohol, and putting their bare feet up on deskss.
During a government meeting, Grith claimed he didn't make the film to spread hate. He argued it was just a story. But the way he choses to tell taht story reveals the truth. When the birth of a nation was released in 1915, it was a phenomenon. Audiences flocked in theaters with some traveling miles just to see it. It quickly became the highest grossing film of its time, earning what would be equivalent of hundred of millions of dollars. But the film's success wasn't just about ticket sales. It had a ripple effect that would leave a stain on history. The most immediate and chilling fallout was the revival of the Ku Klux Klan. Before the film, the clan largely faded into obscurity. But birth of a nation made them heroic. Inspired by the film, William J Simmons founded a new clan in 1915 just a few months after the film's release. He reportedly used the movie as a recruitment tool showing to the clan's meetings to inspire new members. By the 1920s, the KKK has grown into a powerful nationwide organization with millions of members. They marched openly in cities, staged massive rallies and committed acts of violence and terror while waving the the banner of their so called heroic legacy as shown in the film. Even the president Woodrow Wilson was caught in the controvery. After a private screening at the White House he allegedly praised the film, calling it like writing history with lightning. Though historians debate whether he actually said, this wuote was widely reported at the time, giving the film even more legitimacy in the eyes of its supporters. Despite its controversial legacy, the birth of a nation literally revolutionnized film making settling the standard for cinematic storytelling at over 3 hours. It was a long, it was one of the first film to feature a complex narrative with emotional depth and multiple storylines proving that films could be more than just mindless entertainment, that it could be actual art.
Slaughtered vomit dolls - When you hear the name " Lucifer for Valentine ", it's hard to not picture someone who would make a film called " slaughtered vomit dolls ". Valentine calls herself the pionner of the vomitgore sub genre. A label as strange and grotesque as the films created. The film is a fragmented serie of graphic and surreal images loosely tied together by the main character Angela who is spiraling into madness. And Valentine doesn't shy away from showing extreme violence, often lingering scenes of bodily harm far longer than most viewers could stomach. The film also incorporates an unusual and highly controversial element : real vomiting. Multiple scenes show actors forcing themselves to vomit on cameras, sometimes repeatedly. It's not just a fleeting moment either. It's a central theme of the film appearing over and over. What makes these scenes even more unwatchable is the way they blurred the line between fiction and reality. While the violence is staged, the vomiting is real, creating a very grotesque mix of the truly authentic and the staged. You don't watch actors just pretending to suffer. You see them physically endure something unpleasant.
Guinea Pig - The story of Guinea Pig begins with Hideshi Hino, a manga artist known for his grotesque and shocking illustrations. He is specialized in creating disturbing and surreal comics that explored the darkest corners of human imagination. But drawing wasn't enough. He wanted to bring his twisted visions to life on screen. His idea was very simple : make films that looked so real that people would forget they were watching fiction. The Guinea Pig's serie launched with the devil's experiment in 1985. A short film that sets the tone for what was to come. There wasn't really a plot but rather a serie of increasingly brutal tortures inflicted in a young women. However, the second installment flowers of flash and blood is what cemented Guinea Pig as one of the most infamous serie of all time. Directed by Hideshi Hino himself, he was reportedly inspired by a letter he had received from a fan. The fan claimed to be a murderer and described ing raphic details how he had dismembered his victims. He turned this twisted inspiration into a film that would haunt audiences for years. Flowers of flash and blood depicts a samurai abducting a women, drugging her and destroying her piece by piece. All is shown in excruciating details, using prosthetics, animal parts and gallons to fake blood. The filmmakers made visuals so realistic that even fans accostumed to extreme gore were left shaken. It's like if somehow the filmakers captured the real violence on camera. And that was the point. The director wanted the audience to make them feel like they were witnessing something they shouldn't be watching. What happened in 1991 elevated their notoriety to a whole new level. This was the moment when a Hollywood actor convinced that flower of flesh and blood was a real snuff film, sparked a FBI an investigation that would forever cement this serie's legacy in horror history.
On level 4 of the iceberg there are movies like Mai Chan's daily life. - It follows a young women's life, who secures a life and made position at a secluded mansion. At first everything appears normal with polish floors, pristine, french maid outfits and the promise of a stable life away from the chaos of the outside world. But as the character begings her work, she realizes there is nothing ordinary about this place. The other maids like Miao are here to server. But their roles extend far beyond cleaning when taking orders. They are subjected to their employers perverse and violent fantasies, forced into acts of submission and degradation. Among the 3 maids, one stands out, possessing an ability : healing from any injury no matter how severe it is. Immortality might be a gift, in her cuse this is her curse. Her employers exploit her regenerative powers to in the most grotesque ways imaginable. Day after day, Mai becomes the unwilling centerpiece of their desire, enduring acts of torture and violence that are all shown to the viewers in graphic details. At first, Miyako is horrified watching Mai endure these endless pain with no relief. It's a spectable that should repel anyone but this mansion has a way of warping those those who live within these walls. And slowly, Miyako's resistance fails under pressure. From her employers she is persuaded to take part in their cruelty inflicted on Mai. One of the most infamous sequences involves acts of cannibalism with her abusers literlaly talking pieces out of her, consuming them as though they were a disposable source of endless food. The film doesn't spare you any of the details.
Every shot and every scene become hard to get trough. The grotesque imagery is aired with a nonchalance. The characters around her don't treat her with pity and compassion. They see her as an object for their entertainment with the dehumanization of Mai being central to the film's chock factor. When the film was released, it was immediatly controversial. Even in a country like Japan, known for its tolerance of extreme entertainment, especially when it comes to video games, the film was met with outrage, discussed. Outside of Japan, the reaction was even more severe. The film was either banned either heavily censored in multiple countries, deemed too graphic and too disturbing for public consumption.
Birth of a nation. - It first the movie looks like an epic tale of the American civil war and it's aftermatch. But if you actually watch it, it's not just telling a story but rather spreading a message and a dangerous one at that. The film is divided into 2 parts. The first half shows the Civil War and its devastating impact on 2 white families. The stoneman from the north and the Camerons from the south.It betrays their struggles, their heartbreaks and their losses during the war. This part of the film is dramatic, emotionnal and carefully crafted to draw you though it's easy to forget what's coming next. The second half is where the true intentions of the film become clear. It focuses on reconstruction, the period after the Civil War when the South was being rebuilt. The director of the film, D. W. Griffith, doesn't show this as a time of progress. Instead, he portrays it as a nightmare. Black characters played by white actors in black paint are shown as corrupt, violent and incapable of governing. THey are depicted as predators out to destroy white Southern society. One of the most infamous parts of the film is its portrayal of the Ku Klux Klan. The director doesn't show the clan as the violent, racist group that we know today. Instead they are painted as noble heros, riding to save the south from the chaos caused by black people. In one dramatic scene, the clan charges to the rescue of a white family with dramatic music swelling in the background. This scene is designed to make the audience sheer for them, to see them as saviors, not villains. In another scene, a black character chases a white women trying to force her into marriage. She runs in terror and eventually throws herself off a cliff to escape. The birth of a nation also portrays reconstruction era black politicians as lazy, incompetent and immorals. In one scene, they are shown drinking alcohol, and putting their bare feet up on deskss.
During a government meeting, Grith claimed he didn't make the film to spread hate. He argued it was just a story. But the way he choses to tell taht story reveals the truth. When the birth of a nation was released in 1915, it was a phenomenon. Audiences flocked in theaters with some traveling miles just to see it. It quickly became the highest grossing film of its time, earning what would be equivalent of hundred of millions of dollars. But the film's success wasn't just about ticket sales. It had a ripple effect that would leave a stain on history. The most immediate and chilling fallout was the revival of the Ku Klux Klan. Before the film, the clan largely faded into obscurity. But birth of a nation made them heroic. Inspired by the film, William J Simmons founded a new clan in 1915 just a few months after the film's release. He reportedly used the movie as a recruitment tool showing to the clan's meetings to inspire new members. By the 1920s, the KKK has grown into a powerful nationwide organization with millions of members. They marched openly in cities, staged massive rallies and committed acts of violence and terror while waving the the banner of their so called heroic legacy as shown in the film. Even the president Woodrow Wilson was caught in the controvery. After a private screening at the White House he allegedly praised the film, calling it like writing history with lightning. Though historians debate whether he actually said, this wuote was widely reported at the time, giving the film even more legitimacy in the eyes of its supporters. Despite its controversial legacy, the birth of a nation literally revolutionnized film making settling the standard for cinematic storytelling at over 3 hours. It was a long, it was one of the first film to feature a complex narrative with emotional depth and multiple storylines proving that films could be more than just mindless entertainment, that it could be actual art.
Slaughtered vomit dolls - When you hear the name " Lucifer for Valentine ", it's hard to not picture someone who would make a film called " slaughtered vomit dolls ". Valentine calls herself the pionner of the vomitgore sub genre. A label as strange and grotesque as the films created. The film is a fragmented serie of graphic and surreal images loosely tied together by the main character Angela who is spiraling into madness. And Valentine doesn't shy away from showing extreme violence, often lingering scenes of bodily harm far longer than most viewers could stomach. The film also incorporates an unusual and highly controversial element : real vomiting. Multiple scenes show actors forcing themselves to vomit on cameras, sometimes repeatedly. It's not just a fleeting moment either. It's a central theme of the film appearing over and over. What makes these scenes even more unwatchable is the way they blurred the line between fiction and reality. While the violence is staged, the vomiting is real, creating a very grotesque mix of the truly authentic and the staged. You don't watch actors just pretending to suffer. You see them physically endure something unpleasant.
Guinea Pig - The story of Guinea Pig begins with Hideshi Hino, a manga artist known for his grotesque and shocking illustrations. He is specialized in creating disturbing and surreal comics that explored the darkest corners of human imagination. But drawing wasn't enough. He wanted to bring his twisted visions to life on screen. His idea was very simple : make films that looked so real that people would forget they were watching fiction. The Guinea Pig's serie launched with the devil's experiment in 1985. A short film that sets the tone for what was to come. There wasn't really a plot but rather a serie of increasingly brutal tortures inflicted in a young women. However, the second installment flowers of flash and blood is what cemented Guinea Pig as one of the most infamous serie of all time. Directed by Hideshi Hino himself, he was reportedly inspired by a letter he had received from a fan. The fan claimed to be a murderer and described ing raphic details how he had dismembered his victims. He turned this twisted inspiration into a film that would haunt audiences for years. Flowers of flash and blood depicts a samurai abducting a women, drugging her and destroying her piece by piece. All is shown in excruciating details, using prosthetics, animal parts and gallons to fake blood. The filmmakers made visuals so realistic that even fans accostumed to extreme gore were left shaken. It's like if somehow the filmakers captured the real violence on camera. And that was the point. The director wanted the audience to make them feel like they were witnessing something they shouldn't be watching. What happened in 1991 elevated their notoriety to a whole new level. This was the moment when a Hollywood actor convinced that flower of flesh and blood was a real snuff film, sparked a FBI an investigation that would forever cement this serie's legacy in horror history.
Post.
The story goes this way : Charlie Sheen, known at his time for his roles in huge films like platoon and wall street attended a party where someone handed him a copy of flowers and flesh and blood. Curious about the tape, Sheen sat down to watch it. What happened in front of his eyes was one of the most gruesome yet realistic depiction of violence ever put to film. The film's graphic content his Sheen hard, as he saw the samurai systematically destroy the women, he was convinced that it wasn't staged. It looked like a real snuff film. Unlike most horror movies, this didn't have the hallmarks of fiction. No over the top acting, no cheesy effects, no escape for the victim. Sheen couldn't shake the feeling that what he had seen was genuine. So he contacted the FBI, reporting the film as a potential evidence of real murder. This sets a chain of events that would brought Guinea Pig into a spot light they never seen before. The FBI taking this complaint seriously launched an investigation into the film, its creators. And whether or not it depicted an actual crime. As the investigation unfolded, the authorities, Hino and his team were forced to demonstrate how they create the film disturbingly realistic effects. They showed behind the scenes footage and explain the techniques they used to simulate the dismemberments. The animal parts used in some scenes were revealed and prosphetics were displayed as a proof that everything was staged. Eventually the FBI concluded that the film was indeed fake and unsettling convincing piece of art but art nonetheless. However the investigation made the serie far more famous that it should have been.
Level 5 of the iceberg, you find films like Snuff 102 - It's about a horrifying world of snuff films. The movie follows a journalist investigating the underground world of these snuff videos that show real murder and torture. Her search for the truth leads her to a deranged killer who forces her to witness and even become part of the atrocities he commits. However, the film interwined her story with footage of 3 nameless victims, showing their brutal treatment and ultimate demise all on film. This isn't just a story about a journalist uncovering a history. It's a film designed to make you feel uncomfortable, confused and even guilty for watching it, as the director Mariano Peralta really blurs the lines between fiction and reality.Unlike most horror films that make it clear that what you are seeing is fake, snuff 102 doesn't give you that comfort. It uses a mix of stage violence and real life footage including scenes of real autopsies and real animal cruelty. To make everything feel disturbingly feel real, this deliberate choice forces viewers to constantly question it what they're watching is actually real or fake. The film doesn't offer much in the way of traditional storytelling either as it's basically built off the back ofextremely shocking and gory footage.
There is no clear resolution, no satisfying character arcs and no relief from the horrors it shows. Even the editing feels unhinged with jarring cuts and overlapping sounds. In a 2013 interview, the director said that the film was never meant to be simple shock value. Instead, it was designed as a harsh critique of ociety's growing desensitization to violence. He belived that by confronting audiences with deeply uncomfortable imagery, he could provoke critical thought and forcer viewers to reflect on why there would even ever watch the film Snuff 102. When discussing on how he made the film, he acknowledged he had to walk between realistic portrayals and maintaining ethical film making practices. He clarified that while the film does incorporate real footage, specifically animal cruelty he saw from the internet, he soured from the internet; every human torture and murder scene was carefully staged using special effects in actors. Probably for the first time in film history, the goal was to craft a deeply disturbing experience that left viewers questioning what was real and what was not, and more importantly, why they were even watching the film.
Tumbling Doll of Flesh - It's in Japan, 1998, a time when the country's film industry is thriving with creativity but also experimenting with its dreams. The premise of tumbling do of flesh seems straightforward. It begins as a low bduget adult movie focusing on a man and a women participating in what appears to be a consensual adult film shoot. The tone is mundane which seems that are slow, quiet and uneventful. But as the minutes tick by, a subtle unease begins to creep in. Something feels off, not just in the performances but in the very atmosphere of the film. Almost without warning, the story takes a jarry turn with the male acotr beginning to unleash horrifying violence on the women. What starts as a consensual act devolves into an extended scene of torment. While the camera continues to roll, the violence is disturbingly realistic. No stilized, exagerrated bur rather slow, methodical and deeply unsettling. The camera lingers on the women suffering, refusing to look away, forcing the audience to confront every second of her pain. Unlike other extreme films, Tubling Doll of Flash doesn't offer any clear context or explanation for the violence. There is no character development, zero backstory, no justification, just pure shock value, leaving you physically sick. The director Tamakichi Anaru wasn't interested in creating a typical movie. He wanted to explore what happens when you strip away all safety nets, leaving only raw, unfiltered human emotion and suffering. His vision for Tumbling Doll of Flash was a film that would feel as real as possible. So real that he was questionned by viewers whether or not they were watching fiction or something far darker. Just the title of the movie is hauntingly appropriate. It reflects the women's dehumanization throughout the film as she is reduced to little more than an object for the man's cruelty.
Faces of Death - The story begins with John Allan Schwarz, a young filmmaker with a simple but daring idea. He wanted a film that explored humanity's darkest fear : death. So he made a film that looked like a documentary, filled with real life horrors and unsettling footages. At the time of the film there was a growing curiosity about taboo subjects in media with people becoming fascinated by things that were considered too shoking and forbidden. John Alan Schwartz saw this as an opportunity. He developed a concept for his movie, as a mockumentary, a film that looked like a real documentary but blends truth with fiction. His vision was to create something that felt authentic, something making the viwers question what they have just seen. So the director and his team gathered a mix of content, using a combination of staged scenes, authentic news footage and even graphic real life clips of death to create a film that feels disturbingly real. At a point you might watch someone perform an autopsy and next scene you would see a staged execution that would look just as believable. The combination of the real and the fake made it almost impossible to tell what was real and what was not. But Swhcarz added a layer that would make the film even more unsettling.
A narrator, a fictional pathologist named Dr Francis B Gross was create to guide the viewers through he movie. His calm, clinical tone made the horrifying images on screen feel even more shockign. One of the most infamous scene involves a dining room of people and a live monkey. In the scene, diners gather around a table with a hole in the center. A monkey is placed inside. the hole with only its head visible. The diners then take turn striking the monkey with small mallets before eating what becomes exposed. The twist was that it was completly staged. The monkey was a prop and the brains were actually made from a mixture of gelatin and food coloring. We later have a shot of a women leaning out the window of an apartment building. The entire thing is on fire and she has no escape. She stares at the ground, knowing the fall is too high to survive. But she has no choice. We then see her jump. The fall and death of the women is this time in fact entirely real. However the aftermath with the close ups of her lifeless body on the ground was completly fabricated by the filmmakers. About 60% of the film uses real graphic and horrible footage while 40% of it is completly staged though you are not told during the film which are and which are not.
The story goes this way : Charlie Sheen, known at his time for his roles in huge films like platoon and wall street attended a party where someone handed him a copy of flowers and flesh and blood. Curious about the tape, Sheen sat down to watch it. What happened in front of his eyes was one of the most gruesome yet realistic depiction of violence ever put to film. The film's graphic content his Sheen hard, as he saw the samurai systematically destroy the women, he was convinced that it wasn't staged. It looked like a real snuff film. Unlike most horror movies, this didn't have the hallmarks of fiction. No over the top acting, no cheesy effects, no escape for the victim. Sheen couldn't shake the feeling that what he had seen was genuine. So he contacted the FBI, reporting the film as a potential evidence of real murder. This sets a chain of events that would brought Guinea Pig into a spot light they never seen before. The FBI taking this complaint seriously launched an investigation into the film, its creators. And whether or not it depicted an actual crime. As the investigation unfolded, the authorities, Hino and his team were forced to demonstrate how they create the film disturbingly realistic effects. They showed behind the scenes footage and explain the techniques they used to simulate the dismemberments. The animal parts used in some scenes were revealed and prosphetics were displayed as a proof that everything was staged. Eventually the FBI concluded that the film was indeed fake and unsettling convincing piece of art but art nonetheless. However the investigation made the serie far more famous that it should have been.
Level 5 of the iceberg, you find films like Snuff 102 - It's about a horrifying world of snuff films. The movie follows a journalist investigating the underground world of these snuff videos that show real murder and torture. Her search for the truth leads her to a deranged killer who forces her to witness and even become part of the atrocities he commits. However, the film interwined her story with footage of 3 nameless victims, showing their brutal treatment and ultimate demise all on film. This isn't just a story about a journalist uncovering a history. It's a film designed to make you feel uncomfortable, confused and even guilty for watching it, as the director Mariano Peralta really blurs the lines between fiction and reality.Unlike most horror films that make it clear that what you are seeing is fake, snuff 102 doesn't give you that comfort. It uses a mix of stage violence and real life footage including scenes of real autopsies and real animal cruelty. To make everything feel disturbingly feel real, this deliberate choice forces viewers to constantly question it what they're watching is actually real or fake. The film doesn't offer much in the way of traditional storytelling either as it's basically built off the back ofextremely shocking and gory footage.
There is no clear resolution, no satisfying character arcs and no relief from the horrors it shows. Even the editing feels unhinged with jarring cuts and overlapping sounds. In a 2013 interview, the director said that the film was never meant to be simple shock value. Instead, it was designed as a harsh critique of ociety's growing desensitization to violence. He belived that by confronting audiences with deeply uncomfortable imagery, he could provoke critical thought and forcer viewers to reflect on why there would even ever watch the film Snuff 102. When discussing on how he made the film, he acknowledged he had to walk between realistic portrayals and maintaining ethical film making practices. He clarified that while the film does incorporate real footage, specifically animal cruelty he saw from the internet, he soured from the internet; every human torture and murder scene was carefully staged using special effects in actors. Probably for the first time in film history, the goal was to craft a deeply disturbing experience that left viewers questioning what was real and what was not, and more importantly, why they were even watching the film.
Tumbling Doll of Flesh - It's in Japan, 1998, a time when the country's film industry is thriving with creativity but also experimenting with its dreams. The premise of tumbling do of flesh seems straightforward. It begins as a low bduget adult movie focusing on a man and a women participating in what appears to be a consensual adult film shoot. The tone is mundane which seems that are slow, quiet and uneventful. But as the minutes tick by, a subtle unease begins to creep in. Something feels off, not just in the performances but in the very atmosphere of the film. Almost without warning, the story takes a jarry turn with the male acotr beginning to unleash horrifying violence on the women. What starts as a consensual act devolves into an extended scene of torment. While the camera continues to roll, the violence is disturbingly realistic. No stilized, exagerrated bur rather slow, methodical and deeply unsettling. The camera lingers on the women suffering, refusing to look away, forcing the audience to confront every second of her pain. Unlike other extreme films, Tubling Doll of Flash doesn't offer any clear context or explanation for the violence. There is no character development, zero backstory, no justification, just pure shock value, leaving you physically sick. The director Tamakichi Anaru wasn't interested in creating a typical movie. He wanted to explore what happens when you strip away all safety nets, leaving only raw, unfiltered human emotion and suffering. His vision for Tumbling Doll of Flash was a film that would feel as real as possible. So real that he was questionned by viewers whether or not they were watching fiction or something far darker. Just the title of the movie is hauntingly appropriate. It reflects the women's dehumanization throughout the film as she is reduced to little more than an object for the man's cruelty.
Faces of Death - The story begins with John Allan Schwarz, a young filmmaker with a simple but daring idea. He wanted a film that explored humanity's darkest fear : death. So he made a film that looked like a documentary, filled with real life horrors and unsettling footages. At the time of the film there was a growing curiosity about taboo subjects in media with people becoming fascinated by things that were considered too shoking and forbidden. John Alan Schwartz saw this as an opportunity. He developed a concept for his movie, as a mockumentary, a film that looked like a real documentary but blends truth with fiction. His vision was to create something that felt authentic, something making the viwers question what they have just seen. So the director and his team gathered a mix of content, using a combination of staged scenes, authentic news footage and even graphic real life clips of death to create a film that feels disturbingly real. At a point you might watch someone perform an autopsy and next scene you would see a staged execution that would look just as believable. The combination of the real and the fake made it almost impossible to tell what was real and what was not. But Swhcarz added a layer that would make the film even more unsettling.
A narrator, a fictional pathologist named Dr Francis B Gross was create to guide the viewers through he movie. His calm, clinical tone made the horrifying images on screen feel even more shockign. One of the most infamous scene involves a dining room of people and a live monkey. In the scene, diners gather around a table with a hole in the center. A monkey is placed inside. the hole with only its head visible. The diners then take turn striking the monkey with small mallets before eating what becomes exposed. The twist was that it was completly staged. The monkey was a prop and the brains were actually made from a mixture of gelatin and food coloring. We later have a shot of a women leaning out the window of an apartment building. The entire thing is on fire and she has no escape. She stares at the ground, knowing the fall is too high to survive. But she has no choice. We then see her jump. The fall and death of the women is this time in fact entirely real. However the aftermath with the close ups of her lifeless body on the ground was completly fabricated by the filmmakers. About 60% of the film uses real graphic and horrible footage while 40% of it is completly staged though you are not told during the film which are and which are not.
Post.
The Viking - In the 1930s, Hollwyood was in the middle of a revolution. Silent films were being replaced by talkies which are films with synchronized sounds like you can see in almost any film nowadays. Possibilities felt endless. Audiences were no longer limited in imagining voices or sounds effects and the screen was able to come alive as never before. While many filmmakers were playing it safe from the studios, " The Viking " dared to do something that no one else has attempted. It was one of the first films to be shot entirely on location. And not just any location because the filmmakers chose the freezing Arctic Waters of the coast of New Foundland. They wanted the film to feel as real as possible, capturing the harsh icy conditions that seal hunters faced. For the time it was an especially bold move, especially since technology for recording sound outside of a studio was still in its infancy. The story was inspired by the dangerous lives of sealers, the man who braved the Arctic Waters to haunt seals for their fur and oil. But the filmmakers weren't content with just telling a story. They wanted to immerse the audiences in the reality of this. To do this, they brought their entire cast and crew to the harsh unpredictable Arctic and it wasn't an easy task. The equipment they used to record sound was heavy and fragile. Not a tool designed for the Sub Zero temperatures and the shifting ice flows of the North Atlantic still the team pushed forward determined to create something unlike anything the world has ever seen. Their ambition paid off in many ways, as the Viking was widely praised for its authenticity and gripping visuals.
The filmmakers obsession with realism has brought them face to face with danger at every turn. This relentless pursuit of authenticities would lead to some of the deadliest tragedies in film history.One of the boldest and most dangerous choice was to show many of the scenes abroad a real ceiling ship, the SS Viking. At the time, ceiling ships were rugged vessels designed to whistand brutal conditions of Atlantic. These ships not only carried the crew but also dynamite to break through thick ice. While this was standard practice for sealers, it added a massive layer of risk for the film's crew, unfamiliar with such hazards. The ship's cap and crew were real sealers and it added to the film's authenticity but also exposed the cast and crew to the same dangers these men face daily. On March 15th 1931 with SS Vikings sets sail from Saint John's new Foundland, carrying not only the crew but dangerous cargo of dynamite and other explosive. They were meant to break the ice and create a dramatic visual effect for the film. The filmmakers did similar techniques earlier in the film. But this time the stakes were higher : the winter ice was thicker, the conditions harsher and the crew more desperate to finish the job and just get out of the Arctic. Hours spired into days and the ship navigated the treacherous ice fields, battling freezing, freezings and towering waves. Still the crew was determined to capture the footage and mid afternoon, a fire broke out on board, spreading rapidly through its wooden structure. Its believed that the sparks from a storve or lantern ignited the flammable cargo leading to a catastrophic explosion. The dynamite stored in the hold detonated with such a force that it tore through the SS Viking, instantly killing dozens of people on board and throwing others into the freezing Arctic waters.
Survivors described the scene as pure chaos. The explosion was deafening on its own and the ship was engulfed with flames within moments. Those who weren't killed by the blast scrambled to abandon the ship, jumping into icy waters or clinging into pieces of debris. Hypothermia claimed even more lives. Rescue efforts were hampered by the remote location and harsh conditions. Nearby ships and locals rushed to help. Out of 140 people on board, almost 30 lost their lives including Baric Frisell and the director of the Viking.
Among the abyss of the icerberg, films like Snurff R73. It's not a typical film with director cast and a production team you can look to. This one seems to have come from the very depth of the internet. No one knows exactly who made it, where it was created or why it even exists. First film surfaced in horror forums in the mid 2010s. A place where extreme films are shared by people looking for content that more than pushes the boundaries. The film itself is essentially a collection of real life footage stitched together into something far more horrifying than any fiction. Many believe the film was created as a statement or as a sort of challenged as it could be designed test how much a viewer could handle. The most infamous parts of the film involve childrens. On the tamer side it features real medical footage, surgeries and procedures of infants and todlers. While medical procedures can be uncomfortables, the way the film presents them make them feels even more exploitative. There is no educational value. It's obviously here for shock value. Another notorious segment involves war footage injured civilians, children being caught in the horrors of war. Worst part of the wilm is a footage of an adult man severly harming a child. It's a real footage stitched together to create one of the hardest viewing experiences on the planet.
MDPOPE - It stands for most disturbed person on planet earth. It might be just a claim to grab attention. The series is the brainchild of a mysterious creator known as thomas extreme cinemagore. It's not really a filmmaker in the traditionnal sense. He is a compiler. Rather than shooting original footages he scours the darkest corners of the internet to create a collection of clips that push the boundaries. It was created to challenge even the most hardened viewers. It's labelled as a shockumentary, designed only not to disturb but to test the limits o human curiosity. It includes real footages of accidents and executions and other moments of extreme violence. Soe of the most controversial clips involve graphic and severe abuses of animals which many viewers find even harder to watch than footage of real human deaths. The first film was released quietly online, gaining notoriety through word of mouth and internet forums dedicated Its sequel MDPOPE 2 followed the same formula but with even more extreme content. The creator Thomas still remained anonymous, adding another layer of mystery.
Protect and survive - Cold war was a period of uncertainty and fear. Both USA and USSR were capable of launching nuclear weapons, each one being able to wipe out an entire city. UK could be a potential target. In the 1970s the UK government wanted to prepare its citizens but they didn't want to panic public. So instead of public meetings or creating dramatic TV campaigns, they decided to produce a series of short films called protect and survive, these films were meant to educate people on how to protect themselves and their families during a nuclear emergency. They were destined to stay hidden until the government believed the nuclear attack was imminent. Then days and hours before the disaster stuck the film would be broadcast on televisions and radio to give people practical instructions on how to survive. But protect and survive didn't stay hidden for long as the serie got leaked to the public in the late 1970s. Instead of feeling reassured many were horrified because of the cold matter and the tone of the films who made the instructions feel more like a death sentence rather than a survival guide. For example one film calmy explained how to make a makeshift fallout shelter using everyday items like doors, blankets and furnitures. The tone wasn't just unsettling, it was terrifying. Imagine enjoying a good day at home and this suddently comes on your television and this might be the last film you will ever see in some cases.
The Viking - In the 1930s, Hollwyood was in the middle of a revolution. Silent films were being replaced by talkies which are films with synchronized sounds like you can see in almost any film nowadays. Possibilities felt endless. Audiences were no longer limited in imagining voices or sounds effects and the screen was able to come alive as never before. While many filmmakers were playing it safe from the studios, " The Viking " dared to do something that no one else has attempted. It was one of the first films to be shot entirely on location. And not just any location because the filmmakers chose the freezing Arctic Waters of the coast of New Foundland. They wanted the film to feel as real as possible, capturing the harsh icy conditions that seal hunters faced. For the time it was an especially bold move, especially since technology for recording sound outside of a studio was still in its infancy. The story was inspired by the dangerous lives of sealers, the man who braved the Arctic Waters to haunt seals for their fur and oil. But the filmmakers weren't content with just telling a story. They wanted to immerse the audiences in the reality of this. To do this, they brought their entire cast and crew to the harsh unpredictable Arctic and it wasn't an easy task. The equipment they used to record sound was heavy and fragile. Not a tool designed for the Sub Zero temperatures and the shifting ice flows of the North Atlantic still the team pushed forward determined to create something unlike anything the world has ever seen. Their ambition paid off in many ways, as the Viking was widely praised for its authenticity and gripping visuals.
The filmmakers obsession with realism has brought them face to face with danger at every turn. This relentless pursuit of authenticities would lead to some of the deadliest tragedies in film history.One of the boldest and most dangerous choice was to show many of the scenes abroad a real ceiling ship, the SS Viking. At the time, ceiling ships were rugged vessels designed to whistand brutal conditions of Atlantic. These ships not only carried the crew but also dynamite to break through thick ice. While this was standard practice for sealers, it added a massive layer of risk for the film's crew, unfamiliar with such hazards. The ship's cap and crew were real sealers and it added to the film's authenticity but also exposed the cast and crew to the same dangers these men face daily. On March 15th 1931 with SS Vikings sets sail from Saint John's new Foundland, carrying not only the crew but dangerous cargo of dynamite and other explosive. They were meant to break the ice and create a dramatic visual effect for the film. The filmmakers did similar techniques earlier in the film. But this time the stakes were higher : the winter ice was thicker, the conditions harsher and the crew more desperate to finish the job and just get out of the Arctic. Hours spired into days and the ship navigated the treacherous ice fields, battling freezing, freezings and towering waves. Still the crew was determined to capture the footage and mid afternoon, a fire broke out on board, spreading rapidly through its wooden structure. Its believed that the sparks from a storve or lantern ignited the flammable cargo leading to a catastrophic explosion. The dynamite stored in the hold detonated with such a force that it tore through the SS Viking, instantly killing dozens of people on board and throwing others into the freezing Arctic waters.
Survivors described the scene as pure chaos. The explosion was deafening on its own and the ship was engulfed with flames within moments. Those who weren't killed by the blast scrambled to abandon the ship, jumping into icy waters or clinging into pieces of debris. Hypothermia claimed even more lives. Rescue efforts were hampered by the remote location and harsh conditions. Nearby ships and locals rushed to help. Out of 140 people on board, almost 30 lost their lives including Baric Frisell and the director of the Viking.
Among the abyss of the icerberg, films like Snurff R73. It's not a typical film with director cast and a production team you can look to. This one seems to have come from the very depth of the internet. No one knows exactly who made it, where it was created or why it even exists. First film surfaced in horror forums in the mid 2010s. A place where extreme films are shared by people looking for content that more than pushes the boundaries. The film itself is essentially a collection of real life footage stitched together into something far more horrifying than any fiction. Many believe the film was created as a statement or as a sort of challenged as it could be designed test how much a viewer could handle. The most infamous parts of the film involve childrens. On the tamer side it features real medical footage, surgeries and procedures of infants and todlers. While medical procedures can be uncomfortables, the way the film presents them make them feels even more exploitative. There is no educational value. It's obviously here for shock value. Another notorious segment involves war footage injured civilians, children being caught in the horrors of war. Worst part of the wilm is a footage of an adult man severly harming a child. It's a real footage stitched together to create one of the hardest viewing experiences on the planet.
MDPOPE - It stands for most disturbed person on planet earth. It might be just a claim to grab attention. The series is the brainchild of a mysterious creator known as thomas extreme cinemagore. It's not really a filmmaker in the traditionnal sense. He is a compiler. Rather than shooting original footages he scours the darkest corners of the internet to create a collection of clips that push the boundaries. It was created to challenge even the most hardened viewers. It's labelled as a shockumentary, designed only not to disturb but to test the limits o human curiosity. It includes real footages of accidents and executions and other moments of extreme violence. Soe of the most controversial clips involve graphic and severe abuses of animals which many viewers find even harder to watch than footage of real human deaths. The first film was released quietly online, gaining notoriety through word of mouth and internet forums dedicated Its sequel MDPOPE 2 followed the same formula but with even more extreme content. The creator Thomas still remained anonymous, adding another layer of mystery.
Protect and survive - Cold war was a period of uncertainty and fear. Both USA and USSR were capable of launching nuclear weapons, each one being able to wipe out an entire city. UK could be a potential target. In the 1970s the UK government wanted to prepare its citizens but they didn't want to panic public. So instead of public meetings or creating dramatic TV campaigns, they decided to produce a series of short films called protect and survive, these films were meant to educate people on how to protect themselves and their families during a nuclear emergency. They were destined to stay hidden until the government believed the nuclear attack was imminent. Then days and hours before the disaster stuck the film would be broadcast on televisions and radio to give people practical instructions on how to survive. But protect and survive didn't stay hidden for long as the serie got leaked to the public in the late 1970s. Instead of feeling reassured many were horrified because of the cold matter and the tone of the films who made the instructions feel more like a death sentence rather than a survival guide. For example one film calmy explained how to make a makeshift fallout shelter using everyday items like doors, blankets and furnitures. The tone wasn't just unsettling, it was terrifying. Imagine enjoying a good day at home and this suddently comes on your television and this might be the last film you will ever see in some cases.
Post.
the deepest Unusual and Disturbing Website Iceberg
yyyyyyyy.info An intriguing site and his randomness makes it stand. Everytime you hit refresh, something new pops up on your screen. Probably a random collage of images and gifts. which leads to weird videos or more randomly generated content. At the bottom of the site another interesting aspect, being 3 shapes. These leads you to the website's nfts. They are priced at 1 ETH.
Ashleymadison Ashleymadison is a bit notorious in the world of online dating.Launched in 2001, its design primarly help people married or in committed relationship to find opportunities for indidelity. A platform for people looking to cheat on their partners.
Site puts emphasis on privacy and discretion. Users have the ability to mask or blur their photos and can reveal them only to individuals they chose. However in 2015 the site suffered a massive data breach with hackers managing to steal personal informations of million of users including names, email adresses and other sensitive details. This even included data from customers who previously paid a 19 dollars fee to have Ashley Madison to delete their data. Madison claimed she beefed up security measures but the incident forever tainted the website.
thehomicidemonitor A comprehensive public data set focusing on murder across the globe.. The website covers a wide range of countries and territories with a particular focus on the Americas. It provides updated data informations including the latest available data for most of the countries up to 2022. You can see some striking statistics like the fact that Latin America who accounts for 13% of the population has a 34% global homicides. It also offers deeper insights into the nature and trends of homicidal violence. For example 48 000 people were killed in Brazil in 2022. It also shows the use of firearms and homicides in Latin America and the Carbibea, and 71% of homicides are committed with firearms here during the same year, which is significantly higher than the worldwide average which is 41%. The homicide monitor can also shows the impact of the pandemic on the homicides rate.
library of babel A digital homage to a concept from a story by Jorge Louise Bores. The site and its companion, the babel image archives dives deep into the idea of infinity through text and images. Basically the monkey typewriter theory and image form. The babel image of archives plays in particular with the concept of creating every possible image on a 640 x 416 pixel canvas using a palette of 4 096 different colours. Numbers get mindblowing as the website holds every image that could ever be from very mundane collages of random pixels to works of fine arts.
You can search for images by uploading your own. which then gets matched with a similar through slightly altered images from the archive with an unique identifier number. The vast collection is part of a larger website inspired by bz's story. Where the library of babel contains every book that could possibly be written., filled with both profound and non sensical. Despite overwhelming odds against finding anything meaningful in the sea of random pixels, it's an interesting concept.
hotel 626 - It's a A web based horror game launched in 2008, designed to immerge players into a spooky, interactive experience without needing to download. The game first stood out because it could only be played from 6 pm to 6 am adding to its atmosphere. Players get asked to enter their personal details like their phone number and enable their webcam and microphone, setting the stage for a serie of challenges that blended virtual and real worlds. For its time, the game's graphics were impressive. It included various tasks that increased in intensity. Game starts with you and a camera.
You have to go about an extremely dark room taking photos to light up your surroundings. You eventually stumble upon and take a photo of a girl sitting in the dark. The challenges were designed to be more engaging, by breaking the fourth wall like in one of the puzzle's rooms filled with photos of people. There is a specific photo you need to find but you don't realize the photo you need to find was secretly taken with your webcam to be displayed within the game.
Image
One of the game's more unestting thing was the ability to call your phone in real life with instructions to escape the hotel.
Hotel 626 was revealed to be an advertisement for Doritos with no direct product placement, no references and nothing implying it has something to do with Doritos. His success led to a sequel : Asylum 626 which pushed the interactive elements further by integrating players facebook friends into the experience by posting on your facebook without you knowing. This sequel faced criticism for lacking the original's creativity and for promotion that required you purchasing a bag of Doritos to progress in the game. Despite its brief existence, hotel626 still stands out for how unique it was for the time. The advertisement campaign was intended to revive discontinued Doritos flavors. Yet the game itself left a much larger impact.
the deepest Unusual and Disturbing Website Iceberg
yyyyyyyy.info An intriguing site and his randomness makes it stand. Everytime you hit refresh, something new pops up on your screen. Probably a random collage of images and gifts. which leads to weird videos or more randomly generated content. At the bottom of the site another interesting aspect, being 3 shapes. These leads you to the website's nfts. They are priced at 1 ETH.
Ashleymadison Ashleymadison is a bit notorious in the world of online dating.Launched in 2001, its design primarly help people married or in committed relationship to find opportunities for indidelity. A platform for people looking to cheat on their partners.
Site puts emphasis on privacy and discretion. Users have the ability to mask or blur their photos and can reveal them only to individuals they chose. However in 2015 the site suffered a massive data breach with hackers managing to steal personal informations of million of users including names, email adresses and other sensitive details. This even included data from customers who previously paid a 19 dollars fee to have Ashley Madison to delete their data. Madison claimed she beefed up security measures but the incident forever tainted the website.
thehomicidemonitor A comprehensive public data set focusing on murder across the globe.. The website covers a wide range of countries and territories with a particular focus on the Americas. It provides updated data informations including the latest available data for most of the countries up to 2022. You can see some striking statistics like the fact that Latin America who accounts for 13% of the population has a 34% global homicides. It also offers deeper insights into the nature and trends of homicidal violence. For example 48 000 people were killed in Brazil in 2022. It also shows the use of firearms and homicides in Latin America and the Carbibea, and 71% of homicides are committed with firearms here during the same year, which is significantly higher than the worldwide average which is 41%. The homicide monitor can also shows the impact of the pandemic on the homicides rate.
library of babel A digital homage to a concept from a story by Jorge Louise Bores. The site and its companion, the babel image archives dives deep into the idea of infinity through text and images. Basically the monkey typewriter theory and image form. The babel image of archives plays in particular with the concept of creating every possible image on a 640 x 416 pixel canvas using a palette of 4 096 different colours. Numbers get mindblowing as the website holds every image that could ever be from very mundane collages of random pixels to works of fine arts.
You can search for images by uploading your own. which then gets matched with a similar through slightly altered images from the archive with an unique identifier number. The vast collection is part of a larger website inspired by bz's story. Where the library of babel contains every book that could possibly be written., filled with both profound and non sensical. Despite overwhelming odds against finding anything meaningful in the sea of random pixels, it's an interesting concept.
hotel 626 - It's a A web based horror game launched in 2008, designed to immerge players into a spooky, interactive experience without needing to download. The game first stood out because it could only be played from 6 pm to 6 am adding to its atmosphere. Players get asked to enter their personal details like their phone number and enable their webcam and microphone, setting the stage for a serie of challenges that blended virtual and real worlds. For its time, the game's graphics were impressive. It included various tasks that increased in intensity. Game starts with you and a camera.
You have to go about an extremely dark room taking photos to light up your surroundings. You eventually stumble upon and take a photo of a girl sitting in the dark. The challenges were designed to be more engaging, by breaking the fourth wall like in one of the puzzle's rooms filled with photos of people. There is a specific photo you need to find but you don't realize the photo you need to find was secretly taken with your webcam to be displayed within the game.
Image
One of the game's more unestting thing was the ability to call your phone in real life with instructions to escape the hotel.
Hotel 626 was revealed to be an advertisement for Doritos with no direct product placement, no references and nothing implying it has something to do with Doritos. His success led to a sequel : Asylum 626 which pushed the interactive elements further by integrating players facebook friends into the experience by posting on your facebook without you knowing. This sequel faced criticism for lacking the original's creativity and for promotion that required you purchasing a bag of Doritos to progress in the game. Despite its brief existence, hotel626 still stands out for how unique it was for the time. The advertisement campaign was intended to revive discontinued Doritos flavors. Yet the game itself left a much larger impact.
Post.
Goggle.com - A practise known as typo squatting. It's squatting on misspelling or typo of a popular website's domain name. In this case, it's one of the most visited websites in the world. When someone registers for a doamin that is just a misspelled version of a popular website and to catch people who make a typo when entering, the website adress. When you mistakenly visit goggle, instead of finding what you are looking for, your device would be infected by the malware Laden website where you are spammed with error messages and rnadom pop ups.
thisman.org - A fascinating website telling about a mysterious figure that apparently thousands of people aroudn the world saw in their dreams.
Apparently someone posted the image on the internet and when he did, load of people started saying they also saw this man in their dreams. The site goal is to connect all these people to try to figure out who this guy is and why he pop ups in so many people's dreams with no apparent pattern between people.
You can read the dream's descriptions on the website with a lot of people not describing him as a nightmarish figure but rather as a comforting presence who makes them feel safe. 
It's obviously sparked to all sort of theories with some people thinking he might be some sort of divine being when other think it's just a man. The website is interactive too, with a contact page where you can send in your own dream experiences.
Some other people think it's just a scam site with false reports.
lastmealproject.com - It's a website focusing on the last meals of people who are executed.
It's pretty straightforward with a photo of the person with their last meal choice on it. But it's more a broader topic of the death penalty. It shows a variety of cases from those who might not have actually deserved death penalty to those who are actually found innocent after their execution.
staggeringbeauty - It's an unique website where we agree to buy a simple wormlike figure that follows your mouse movements. The site contains extreme flashing lights that can trigger those with light sensitive epilepsy. The site has its own warning for that. When it comes to moving your mouse faster, as you increase the speed of your mouse movement, the website transforms from a calm flowing motion to a burst of flashing light and loud heavy metal music.
planecrashinfo.com - It's a comprehensive archive listing crashes from planes from all over the world. It's detailed, cataloging crashes like the number of victims, the location, the flight number, the airline involved.
It's structured in a way that makes it easy to understand the various aspects of each crash. On oef the somber feature of the site is the section containing the last recorded words from flights, usually from the cockpit voice recorder. It can be quite heavy to listen to. The site also covers unusual and rare causes of crashes. 
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-022712.png
housecreep.com - It's a rather unique website that documents houses within the history of various incidents. These include homicides, involvment in drug related activities, and even report of paranormal activities. https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023008.png
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023016.png
It's kind of a database for houses with intriguing or troubled pasts. One of the feature of the site allows you to search for houses in your own area which can give you insights into the events that might have taken place in properties near you. The paranormal section of the site is also interesting as it contains some stories of alleged haunting or other explained phenomenas. https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023150.png
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023016.png
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023219.png
lomando.com It's an horror online puzzle game created by Nitao. It sets in a haunted amusement park called fancy island. In the game you play as an unamed protagonist referred to as you or the visitor. The game masks its sinister nature by an exterior that seems cute and innocent. Quickly the player discovers a transform park filled with puzzles, cryptic codes, and of course ghosts. The game plays a mix of expiration and RPG Star Battles, also solving puzzle. Navigating through the maze lightake park are key aspects, battling against various enemies are crucial to progress and obtaining codes are essential for further advancement in the game. So the website offers an unique game experience, learing classic japanese horror elements for puzzle solving RPG battles. https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023552.png
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023404.png
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023616.png
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023903.png
Goggle.com - A practise known as typo squatting. It's squatting on misspelling or typo of a popular website's domain name. In this case, it's one of the most visited websites in the world. When someone registers for a doamin that is just a misspelled version of a popular website and to catch people who make a typo when entering, the website adress. When you mistakenly visit goggle, instead of finding what you are looking for, your device would be infected by the malware Laden website where you are spammed with error messages and rnadom pop ups.
thisman.org - A fascinating website telling about a mysterious figure that apparently thousands of people aroudn the world saw in their dreams.
Apparently someone posted the image on the internet and when he did, load of people started saying they also saw this man in their dreams. The site goal is to connect all these people to try to figure out who this guy is and why he pop ups in so many people's dreams with no apparent pattern between people.
It's obviously sparked to all sort of theories with some people thinking he might be some sort of divine being when other think it's just a man. The website is interactive too, with a contact page where you can send in your own dream experiences.
Some other people think it's just a scam site with false reports.
lastmealproject.com - It's a website focusing on the last meals of people who are executed.
It's pretty straightforward with a photo of the person with their last meal choice on it. But it's more a broader topic of the death penalty. It shows a variety of cases from those who might not have actually deserved death penalty to those who are actually found innocent after their execution.
staggeringbeauty - It's an unique website where we agree to buy a simple wormlike figure that follows your mouse movements. The site contains extreme flashing lights that can trigger those with light sensitive epilepsy. The site has its own warning for that. When it comes to moving your mouse faster, as you increase the speed of your mouse movement, the website transforms from a calm flowing motion to a burst of flashing light and loud heavy metal music.
planecrashinfo.com - It's a comprehensive archive listing crashes from planes from all over the world. It's detailed, cataloging crashes like the number of victims, the location, the flight number, the airline involved.
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-022712.pnghousecreep.com - It's a rather unique website that documents houses within the history of various incidents. These include homicides, involvment in drug related activities, and even report of paranormal activities.
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https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023016.pngIt's kind of a database for houses with intriguing or troubled pasts. One of the feature of the site allows you to search for houses in your own area which can give you insights into the events that might have taken place in properties near you. The paranormal section of the site is also interesting as it contains some stories of alleged haunting or other explained phenomenas.
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https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-023219.pnglomando.com It's an horror online puzzle game created by Nitao. It sets in a haunted amusement park called fancy island. In the game you play as an unamed protagonist referred to as you or the visitor. The game masks its sinister nature by an exterior that seems cute and innocent. Quickly the player discovers a transform park filled with puzzles, cryptic codes, and of course ghosts. The game plays a mix of expiration and RPG Star Battles, also solving puzzle. Navigating through the maze lightake park are key aspects, battling against various enemies are crucial to progress and obtaining codes are essential for further advancement in the game. So the website offers an unique game experience, learing classic japanese horror elements for puzzle solving RPG battles.
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1x60 - This website is also unique in his own way. To access it, you merely type one 60 times on your keyboard and then do .com. Once you are here you will find a collection of images where Arnold Schwarzenegger is photoshopped into various characters from sailor moon though as you move your cursor around the page, you will notice pictures and images that pop up momentarily.
The only thing that is clickable on the page is the button on the bottom, which takes you to another similar page where photoshop pictures of Tony Blair's face and margaret Thatcher's body. Clicking enter on this page will take you to another page of another photoshop thing with American politicians as characters from Lord of the Rings. 
This goes on for dozens and dozens of pages including photoshop of North Korean leaders for example. 
Magibon - Margaret Lilian Adams, aka Alis Magibon ( her youtube ) began her online journey in 2006. Her videos were simple as she would just stare at the camera though she would start everyone of her videos by introducing herself as well as saying goodbye at the end of her videos. This minimalist approach surprisingly caught attention of quite a wide audience. Her channel sits at over 100 000 suscribers. By 2010 she was a well recognized figure on youtube. In 2008 she was involved in various projects in Japan including a TV deal with a Japanese streaming company and an appearance in a TV show called Midtown TV. She appeared at the Tokyo film festival and did voice acting in the film " Blue Symphony ".
However alongside her growing fame, Magibon attracted unwelcome attention, notably from someone who created Magibon.com. Initially thought to be named Frank, this person posted videos and messages that displayed an unsettling obsession with Magibon. The content on the site was obviously made to disturbn Magibon and those who watch her. In one of his videos, he references Shakespeare's 12th night which is a romantic comedy though later it was revealed that Frank was actually Yakim Dunong, a digital art student conducting a social experiment. He exploited Magibon's internet fame to explore differnt online behaviors and reactions. In his eyes, the project was successful in terms of attracting attention and stirring debate, highlighting the curious dynamics oof internet fame and the impact it can have on people. Magibon ceased to upload on her youtubechannel on 2014. Despite the presence of her pretend stalker, she maintained a presence on social media platforms : instagram, twitter.
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And that was only beneath the iceberg here. In the dark waters level, you have sites like obsidiansnow.net - It's set up as a click through adventure where you navigate from one page to another clicking on various elements. When you star, you are greeted by a page featuring a triangles. Clicking on any triangle redirect you to another page. From here each click leads you to another page. Pages you land in can me quite unusual, like one where there seem to be mythical creatures on tablets or another where we have animation of spiders appearing to crawl across your screen.
You can also pages leading to downloadable files like zip files or password protected PDF's. Purpose or endgame of the website isn't clear as it seems more like an exploration of web design and interactive elements.
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1x60 - This website is also unique in his own way. To access it, you merely type one 60 times on your keyboard and then do .com. Once you are here you will find a collection of images where Arnold Schwarzenegger is photoshopped into various characters from sailor moon though as you move your cursor around the page, you will notice pictures and images that pop up momentarily.
Magibon - Margaret Lilian Adams, aka Alis Magibon ( her youtube ) began her online journey in 2006. Her videos were simple as she would just stare at the camera though she would start everyone of her videos by introducing herself as well as saying goodbye at the end of her videos. This minimalist approach surprisingly caught attention of quite a wide audience. Her channel sits at over 100 000 suscribers. By 2010 she was a well recognized figure on youtube. In 2008 she was involved in various projects in Japan including a TV deal with a Japanese streaming company and an appearance in a TV show called Midtown TV. She appeared at the Tokyo film festival and did voice acting in the film " Blue Symphony ".
However alongside her growing fame, Magibon attracted unwelcome attention, notably from someone who created Magibon.com. Initially thought to be named Frank, this person posted videos and messages that displayed an unsettling obsession with Magibon. The content on the site was obviously made to disturbn Magibon and those who watch her. In one of his videos, he references Shakespeare's 12th night which is a romantic comedy though later it was revealed that Frank was actually Yakim Dunong, a digital art student conducting a social experiment. He exploited Magibon's internet fame to explore differnt online behaviors and reactions. In his eyes, the project was successful in terms of attracting attention and stirring debate, highlighting the curious dynamics oof internet fame and the impact it can have on people. Magibon ceased to upload on her youtubechannel on 2014. Despite the presence of her pretend stalker, she maintained a presence on social media platforms : instagram, twitter.
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And that was only beneath the iceberg here. In the dark waters level, you have sites like obsidiansnow.net - It's set up as a click through adventure where you navigate from one page to another clicking on various elements. When you star, you are greeted by a page featuring a triangles. Clicking on any triangle redirect you to another page. From here each click leads you to another page. Pages you land in can me quite unusual, like one where there seem to be mythical creatures on tablets or another where we have animation of spiders appearing to crawl across your screen.
You can also pages leading to downloadable files like zip files or password protected PDF's. Purpose or endgame of the website isn't clear as it seems more like an exploration of web design and interactive elements.
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-03-29-031441.pngPost.
insecam.org - It's a digital directory, sort of like an online book. But instead of listing phone numbers, it lists feeds from unsecured surveillance cameras and CCTV cameras. These cameras can be set up anywhere, from public spaces to random roads to office buildings.
But they hadn't had their default passwords changed. There is another sited who does this. Other sites like Opentopia.com exist and do the same thing.
These sites not only make you easy to access unsecured cameras but also allow you to search for cameras based on location. Obviously the issues are about security and privacy. It poses a risk as they could potentially be used for harmful purposes like planning burglary or cyber attacks. 
Some people don't even know their camera is accessible to the public. At the bottom of insacam, there is this statement : " Only filtered cameras are available now. This way, none of the cameras on Insecam can invade anybody's private life. Any private or unethical camera will be removed immediatly upon email complaint. "
kekma.net - This site is notorious for its explicit and shocking content. It contains extremely graphic contents along with images that could trigger seizures. When entering the site you are greeted with a prompt, asking if you want to enter. Once you enter, the site becomes quite inteise : it plays loud jarring sounds and shows a loop of very graphic and violent images. The site features extreme gore and animal abuses. It's definitly not for the light hearted.
augusnicneven.com - This website takes you on a Eerie journey through a world called terminal0000 . The site sets a certain mod with its dark imagery and haunting backgroudn music. The website is quite intricate, offering numerous parts and links to explore. It's so detailed and complex that there is a subreddit dedicated to figuring it out. Angus Nick Nevan is the creator of the website who is named after him. He is also an author who wrote a book named " Stars bleed ".
The website and the book are connected with the site, providing additional narrative elements and law related to the book. However according to Angus himself, there is no overaching plot to the website. Some of the design parts of the website are made to make you uneasy due to its glitchy animations, obscure moving objects and their dark and mysterious vibe. The website has over 300 pages of short stories, puzzles like, click through mazes and cryptic images that left many users intrigued and trying to decipher them. It's a richly layered website that could take quite a time to fully explore and understand.
superbad - Superbad.com is a website in which you click in and everytime you click in something, it leads you in another page that is unrelated to the previous one. You can click and change pages for several minutes and simply see that this site is nonsense. Sometimes, some little animations that were not comon for the time. This site has been around since the 1990s.
subculture - subculture.com is not outright horrifying or gory but it's one of the strangest part of the internet. When you visit the site you will be thrown a mix of random sometimes jarry images. This can range from historical events to heavily edited images of naked women or just completly random images. You also get spammed with pop ups of various nature, some of them being images of terrorist attacks or other might be just explicit or plain weird, giving you the impression that something is wrong with your computer. The site can give you so many tabs it can be hard to close them all. Antonio Mendoza is the creator of this site. He explained this site was part of a movement named net art.
insecam.org - It's a digital directory, sort of like an online book. But instead of listing phone numbers, it lists feeds from unsecured surveillance cameras and CCTV cameras. These cameras can be set up anywhere, from public spaces to random roads to office buildings.
But they hadn't had their default passwords changed. There is another sited who does this. Other sites like Opentopia.com exist and do the same thing.
Some people don't even know their camera is accessible to the public. At the bottom of insacam, there is this statement : " Only filtered cameras are available now. This way, none of the cameras on Insecam can invade anybody's private life. Any private or unethical camera will be removed immediatly upon email complaint. "
kekma.net - This site is notorious for its explicit and shocking content. It contains extremely graphic contents along with images that could trigger seizures. When entering the site you are greeted with a prompt, asking if you want to enter. Once you enter, the site becomes quite inteise : it plays loud jarring sounds and shows a loop of very graphic and violent images. The site features extreme gore and animal abuses. It's definitly not for the light hearted.
augusnicneven.com - This website takes you on a Eerie journey through a world called terminal0000 . The site sets a certain mod with its dark imagery and haunting backgroudn music. The website is quite intricate, offering numerous parts and links to explore. It's so detailed and complex that there is a subreddit dedicated to figuring it out. Angus Nick Nevan is the creator of the website who is named after him. He is also an author who wrote a book named " Stars bleed ".
The website and the book are connected with the site, providing additional narrative elements and law related to the book. However according to Angus himself, there is no overaching plot to the website. Some of the design parts of the website are made to make you uneasy due to its glitchy animations, obscure moving objects and their dark and mysterious vibe. The website has over 300 pages of short stories, puzzles like, click through mazes and cryptic images that left many users intrigued and trying to decipher them. It's a richly layered website that could take quite a time to fully explore and understand.
superbad - Superbad.com is a website in which you click in and everytime you click in something, it leads you in another page that is unrelated to the previous one. You can click and change pages for several minutes and simply see that this site is nonsense. Sometimes, some little animations that were not comon for the time. This site has been around since the 1990s.
subculture - subculture.com is not outright horrifying or gory but it's one of the strangest part of the internet. When you visit the site you will be thrown a mix of random sometimes jarry images. This can range from historical events to heavily edited images of naked women or just completly random images. You also get spammed with pop ups of various nature, some of them being images of terrorist attacks or other might be just explicit or plain weird, giving you the impression that something is wrong with your computer. The site can give you so many tabs it can be hard to close them all. Antonio Mendoza is the creator of this site. He explained this site was part of a movement named net art.
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Discord has a "Minor" Dating Problem...
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In this server, there is a flirt chat, an ask for dm chat and a rizz chat. Then a selfie chat labelled as nsfw. In the server's owner description it's said that he is hiring female employees, paying them monthy between 100 and 110 dollars + 1 600 dollars bonus. And there are so many messages of people admitting that they are underaged in the ask for dm chat but most of them are not removed. And it's only the " I love you " discord dating server. " Lovebirds " is the other weird dating discord server. Loooking into the intro it's safe to assume that with all the informations we have, there are more minors than adults here despite the rules of the server about the minors. EDating discord dating server. It says it's for + 18 years old only. Rules also say that not reporting a minor on purpose despite the rules can get you banned too. E Life dating servers clearly doesn't care. In the selected roles, it's actually possible to selecte : 13 - 15. Almost 4 000 people are fallling in this category in the server. https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-02-01-234159.png
This Discord Server is Disgusting Sexahovic discord server might be one of the most disgusting server here. At first it's seem a decent with rules prohibiting child content, scat porn, revenge porn, etc... It also says it prohibits any content violating the law. Rules of the server say that individual aged of 16 or above can participate to chat and can access nsfw content for viewing only. However discord is prohibiting that officially. This server is also very toxic, with theh N world often used even by admins on the server. At first people seem to get banned if they are minors. However a few minutes and you could find messages like one saying that dm were open to minors looking for twinks / femboys. Even for " daddies who are attracted to minors so he can cum ". Some people are clearly minors asking for this type of content and just shilling in the server. https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-02-01-234616.png
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Discord has a "Minor" Dating Problem...
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https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-02-01-234244.pngIn this server, there is a flirt chat, an ask for dm chat and a rizz chat. Then a selfie chat labelled as nsfw. In the server's owner description it's said that he is hiring female employees, paying them monthy between 100 and 110 dollars + 1 600 dollars bonus. And there are so many messages of people admitting that they are underaged in the ask for dm chat but most of them are not removed. And it's only the " I love you " discord dating server. " Lovebirds " is the other weird dating discord server. Loooking into the intro it's safe to assume that with all the informations we have, there are more minors than adults here despite the rules of the server about the minors. EDating discord dating server. It says it's for + 18 years old only. Rules also say that not reporting a minor on purpose despite the rules can get you banned too. E Life dating servers clearly doesn't care. In the selected roles, it's actually possible to selecte : 13 - 15. Almost 4 000 people are fallling in this category in the server.
https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-02-01-234159.png This Discord Server is Disgusting Sexahovic discord server might be one of the most disgusting server here. At first it's seem a decent with rules prohibiting child content, scat porn, revenge porn, etc... It also says it prohibits any content violating the law. Rules of the server say that individual aged of 16 or above can participate to chat and can access nsfw content for viewing only. However discord is prohibiting that officially. This server is also very toxic, with theh N world often used even by admins on the server. At first people seem to get banned if they are minors. However a few minutes and you could find messages like one saying that dm were open to minors looking for twinks / femboys. Even for " daddies who are attracted to minors so he can cum ". Some people are clearly minors asking for this type of content and just shilling in the server.
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Discord's Most Disgusting Server...
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If you search a discord server taping " self help " in discord board, When going in a server named " self harm retreat " there is a ping telling us to go to the real server. This is in fact a gateway server. All those servers are technically different discord servers. But you join every single one, they lead to the same place. Then the same ping saying that the " Fever Dream " is the real server. To go in the server we need to authorize a discord bot that has permissions to join servers for you. You get to pick your own roles and you see that in the + 18 and - 18 roles when you compare, there are clearly more - 18 years old people. Then entering the server you have a " sh chat " probably meaning self harm. Then sh pictures and sh advices. Then, ed chat, ed meaning eating disorder. There is also a diet chat where you basically eat 200 caloriess and this make you sick. Then there is also the drug chat. It already look like this serve is a negative echo chamber with mental health problems. Someone will also either offer you a discord nitro or convince you to cut their name into your body. It's not fiction and some user, named trash, has the name trash freshly cut on his wrists. In the general chat it gets worse, with people saying that they are " necessarly groomed ". Whole conversation is about the fact that they are afraid to talk to the law. Also someone responding to a suicidal person by suggesting to do it on voice channel. The guy named heaven convinced someone named Kary to be the owner of the server. Eventually his accoutn got terminated as well as the discord server but the reason why before entering the original server we had to authorize a bot to add us in the server is that so, as the " heaven " guy said, to add you into the new server. Discrod just need to get rid of that feature so when these serveers get terminated, the communities need to spend more time to try to get back up and so less people will be likely to fall into their traps.
The Secrets to Owning a Big Discord Server
On disboard there are over 1 million of registered servers. If you make a server you can make something that is about a hobby. You are more likely to stand out and to have people joining the server if it's something relatively unique. If there are not already a lot of servers here. TO grow your server don't use advertising servers. People trying going on websites or servers for advertising. If you go to an advertising server, the only people going in this server are people also trying to advertise their server. To grow your server, go to a big discord server. Then in your bio, put an invite link to your discord server. But don't go in the chat and ask others to check your bio for your discord server. The point on putting it on your bio is that when you make friends on a big discord server, if they want to hand out with you, they can join the server to hang out. If you have a big or small discord server, chances is that you will wonder what discord bots should you use. If you look at websites you will be lost because there are too many discord bots. The main thing when you have a discord server if you only need 3 types of bots. You need first a moderation and logging bot; so a bot like Sapphire or Dyno. The second type of discord bot that you need is an anti raid / nuke bot. Because some people will try to raid your discord server by having a whole bunch of just bot accounts to join; so it's mandatory to have a bot like " Wick " You don't want to waste a lot of time banning so many people. And the final type of bot you need is either a ticket or a mod mail bot, like NTTS ModMail. They are kinda complicated. So ticket bots might be better because they are simpler.
If you want to get fancy with your tickets bot you can use a ticket bot that actually works with threads which is better in my opinion than ticket bots making a whole bunch of channels because you don't have to delete thsoe ticket channels and if you don't delete anything you don't have to have a massive list of channels that are just flooding everything. Pro tip number 39. If you want a bot sending the rules in a fancy format you can use Webhooks. Custom discord bots are a waste of your time until your server gets like 20 000 members. If general chat is spammed by a bunch of messages then the slow mode will change to 6 seconds with the Slumber Guard bot. If you own a big discord server you are a main target for people trying to blow up your discord server. There is something called discord nuking bots where if you add a discord bot to your server it will just delete all your channels, rename everything and people usually sending you this are the kids having grief in your friend only minecraft server or something like that. So make sure to use discord bots that you can actually trust. But even using popular bots, you can still be a target for exploits. For example carlbot in a server could have an exploit that allowed anyone to send any message on any server that has carl bot. For every big discord bot there is a possibility that they will blow up your server because someone found an exploit to them. Any time you add a discord bot, make sure to go through every single one of its commands. Dyno for example has by default all its command enabled. Issue is that there is command called role. A lot of people setting up Dyno will put Dyno at the very top of the roll list. If you don't pay attention to your commands and permissions, someone could use this roll command to give themselves any role that's underneath Dyno including your admin role, your moderator role.
Discord's Most Disgusting Server...
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https://image.noelshack.c[...]ran-2025-02-02-001624.png If you search a discord server taping " self help " in discord board, When going in a server named " self harm retreat " there is a ping telling us to go to the real server. This is in fact a gateway server. All those servers are technically different discord servers. But you join every single one, they lead to the same place. Then the same ping saying that the " Fever Dream " is the real server. To go in the server we need to authorize a discord bot that has permissions to join servers for you. You get to pick your own roles and you see that in the + 18 and - 18 roles when you compare, there are clearly more - 18 years old people. Then entering the server you have a " sh chat " probably meaning self harm. Then sh pictures and sh advices. Then, ed chat, ed meaning eating disorder. There is also a diet chat where you basically eat 200 caloriess and this make you sick. Then there is also the drug chat. It already look like this serve is a negative echo chamber with mental health problems. Someone will also either offer you a discord nitro or convince you to cut their name into your body. It's not fiction and some user, named trash, has the name trash freshly cut on his wrists. In the general chat it gets worse, with people saying that they are " necessarly groomed ". Whole conversation is about the fact that they are afraid to talk to the law. Also someone responding to a suicidal person by suggesting to do it on voice channel. The guy named heaven convinced someone named Kary to be the owner of the server. Eventually his accoutn got terminated as well as the discord server but the reason why before entering the original server we had to authorize a bot to add us in the server is that so, as the " heaven " guy said, to add you into the new server. Discrod just need to get rid of that feature so when these serveers get terminated, the communities need to spend more time to try to get back up and so less people will be likely to fall into their traps.
The Secrets to Owning a Big Discord Server
On disboard there are over 1 million of registered servers. If you make a server you can make something that is about a hobby. You are more likely to stand out and to have people joining the server if it's something relatively unique. If there are not already a lot of servers here. TO grow your server don't use advertising servers. People trying going on websites or servers for advertising. If you go to an advertising server, the only people going in this server are people also trying to advertise their server. To grow your server, go to a big discord server. Then in your bio, put an invite link to your discord server. But don't go in the chat and ask others to check your bio for your discord server. The point on putting it on your bio is that when you make friends on a big discord server, if they want to hand out with you, they can join the server to hang out. If you have a big or small discord server, chances is that you will wonder what discord bots should you use. If you look at websites you will be lost because there are too many discord bots. The main thing when you have a discord server if you only need 3 types of bots. You need first a moderation and logging bot; so a bot like Sapphire or Dyno. The second type of discord bot that you need is an anti raid / nuke bot. Because some people will try to raid your discord server by having a whole bunch of just bot accounts to join; so it's mandatory to have a bot like " Wick " You don't want to waste a lot of time banning so many people. And the final type of bot you need is either a ticket or a mod mail bot, like NTTS ModMail. They are kinda complicated. So ticket bots might be better because they are simpler.
If you want to get fancy with your tickets bot you can use a ticket bot that actually works with threads which is better in my opinion than ticket bots making a whole bunch of channels because you don't have to delete thsoe ticket channels and if you don't delete anything you don't have to have a massive list of channels that are just flooding everything. Pro tip number 39. If you want a bot sending the rules in a fancy format you can use Webhooks. Custom discord bots are a waste of your time until your server gets like 20 000 members. If general chat is spammed by a bunch of messages then the slow mode will change to 6 seconds with the Slumber Guard bot. If you own a big discord server you are a main target for people trying to blow up your discord server. There is something called discord nuking bots where if you add a discord bot to your server it will just delete all your channels, rename everything and people usually sending you this are the kids having grief in your friend only minecraft server or something like that. So make sure to use discord bots that you can actually trust. But even using popular bots, you can still be a target for exploits. For example carlbot in a server could have an exploit that allowed anyone to send any message on any server that has carl bot. For every big discord bot there is a possibility that they will blow up your server because someone found an exploit to them. Any time you add a discord bot, make sure to go through every single one of its commands. Dyno for example has by default all its command enabled. Issue is that there is command called role. A lot of people setting up Dyno will put Dyno at the very top of the roll list. If you don't pay attention to your commands and permissions, someone could use this roll command to give themselves any role that's underneath Dyno including your admin role, your moderator role.
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So pay attention, audit your security once a while. If your discord server does not use discord auto mod you are missing out completly. You can create costum blocked words. You only need to setup what words do you want banned. You can put any variation on a word, with start after the word, meaning that for example dog * will ban dog and also doggy. and putting * dog can ban horndog word for example. And you can put a star at the beginning and end of the word. If you are a pro gamer you could also use regex which is more powerful. The Sapphire bit allows you to do things based on discord's built in auto moderation With Sapphire you have a system where if you send a medium custom keyword which is basically like down bad delirious, we have a system where if you send the message once in the past 7 days, Sapphire will dm saying that you sent an automodded word. If people send 2 messages, they don't listen to the warning then we give an official warning and if they don't listen still they can get a mute for 3 days. If they still continue then just remove them out of the server. When you pair automod with Sapphireit can be cool. When someone boosts your small discord server you give them everything so that you can build your way up to that custom. You give them embed perms. When you have a massive discord server it's the opposite with server boosters. If you give the server boosters everything you will have people that will boost your server so they can send images. So main thing is that they get 2 times XP week end every single day for every message they send. In small servers you use those XP bots to give people cool prizes for being active. If they are level 5 you might give them their own emote or you give them a costum roll at a certain level, it's used as a positive reinforcement technique.
On a big discord server however it's called filtering out of the morons because looking at any big discord server, notice that you can't do a lot of things until you get like level 5, 10, 20, etc... So here XP bots and level rewards are used as a moderation took, not as a tool tn encouage engagements. Also don't monetize your discord. First reason is that the amount of money you will make from your discord server will be nothing compared to an actual job. For example on discord you may have 5 dollars after 100 hours. Second thing is that if you try to make money ouf of your hobby, the hobby turns into a job. Sometimes people put auto bots or something where you can ban, it proposes you to pay 50 or 100 dollars to get b ack into the server. Let's be honest, almost no one will do that. If you join a discord server then get more than just 1 or 2 discord bots dming you, leave the server because the people that runs the server aren't here to build a community and have fun. They try to milk you for every ounceof money they can. On your server your staff break your users experience. If you have a bad staff you will have a bad server. Also only give admin role to someone you really trust. Because giving them admin role will allow them to mess with discord bots. With the administrator permission they will have the ability to completly blow up your server. The second role you should have for staff is a moderator role. These people can kick, ban or time out on your server. They don't need administrator permissions or managed server permissions. If you give too many permissions you will just open yourself for your server to be blown up. Finally have a trial mod, a role for those that have like 2 weeks to proof whatever they are moderator material or not. This temporary role allows you to promote or demote people. When it comes to staff application, you want to ask questions allowing you to pick the best staff members.
Pick a person that understands the community, how things should operate. Secondly, pick emotionally mature people who can deal with issues without getting upset. Thirdly, pick people that can punish properly if needed. Then there is the staff security thing. If you have staff people who can mess with bots, ban people, etc... some people can try to hack your staff. It happens all the time in NFT commmunities. People hacking these crypto discord servers, they put like a fake scam so people lose their money. Some people will try to impersonate your staff and ask you something like : " remove my staff from this account " to an alt account. In this case it's to sneak into your staff team and use those permissions to blow up your server. So give to every staff members an unique code then tell them to save it on their phone, or on anything that is not discord. Once it's done, delete the message and put this code into a big spreadsheet. In here save every single staff member's code that only you can access. So if a staff member actually lose their account of want to change their account they will have to tell you their code. If they lose their code they don't get staff but if they do tell you the code, go back and generate a new code and give them the new code. If you want a happy staff, encourage them to take breaks, you can have a staff break channel for example, give them special roles or reward them for helping you out. However at one point you may have to demote a staff member whatever it's for mod abuse, cause issues or they just don't exist anymore. Before demoting someone ask yourself if this person is helping this server overall or causing problems. If they do both, you can just give them a warning. It's worth noticing that with a smaller discord server, people are like friends to everyone. Big servers seem like high school all over again.
There is also a reason why big servers have like paragraphs of rules. Because in a big server, people will try to push the limits, the boundaries
Strange Discord Raid Method that Bans Servers
A method to raid a server consist to put a message like tenor link or funny meme then once it's being forgotten after tons of message were sent into that server, use your alt accounts to edit it with an image or video link. Then they it's possible to use alt accounts to report it to discord. The edited messsage could be nsf, gore, content involving minors or other stuff discord doesn't want. So report the server for allowing this evil content to be posted. Eventually this discord server might be terminated. A flaw to that method is that for example if they edit their past messages with a link to the hub website, an admin can set to auto mod and add custom words to block. Put the site between 2 stars to block any video of the website. But the raider can use a differet website. THen you could block every single website on the planet. However some aren't stopped by that because someone could upload bad content to a random discord server of yours then copy the link to this bad content. Then you could edit your message and replace it with what you uploaded. Then you can report it and the discord server gets terminated. First solution is to have a llot of discord staff and make them look into every channel. Second thing is that I could edit the channel permissions and make it where no one can embed links anymore. So if i go down here embed links save changes. So if i press enter link is not doing to turn into an image. However everyone is gonna riot and call this 1984. Third solution as an admin or mod is to use my discord experience YAGPDB is a discord bot Add the bot to your server Tools and Utilities room has a part called advanced automoderator. Create a new ruleset. Click on, create, go to the tab scroll down and create a new rule. This way if someone tries to edit an old post with something disallowed, the bot will disallow it. To do so go to your bot and add a trigger It could be any link. Then if we scroll down we have effects we want to click on delete the message. so if there is a link in the discord that gets edited or sent it will be automatically get deleted. It's bad so we need to add a condition. And this condition is going to be : edited message.
However there are people that will send links and it has this litttle embed with not actually genuine cry for help. An image host allows you to host images and have these quirky little embeds to be funny now. If someoen try to edit this message to another link, it will be deleted if I keep the same features that previously written over. But what if i send an image and instead of editing the link, i go to the image host and i edit this image into disturbing content. The link itself doesn't change at all. Only the image on the website does. Solution could be to have level system where people only need to chat on the discord server to unlock permissions like being able to embed links and attach files but if someone really hates you, he will spend all that time climbing the levels just so they can embed a link and take down your discord server. What is better is go back to discord server settings, go back to automod then go back to our custom word thing and instead of putting these links and stuff, use regex. This will block every link someone tries to send. Copy this regex and go back to discord. Then copy past it, press enter. Then go back to the website and copy this inline links thing as well. Go back to discord, paste this, press enter and this will block every website. But after this you can allow certain websites. Put the little stars at the beginning and at the end of it. But then people can set the file name to youtube.com.jpeg for example, if you allow youtube. Then go back to your automod regex, add a colon then slash slash. :// Then at the end put s slash /
So pay attention, audit your security once a while. If your discord server does not use discord auto mod you are missing out completly. You can create costum blocked words. You only need to setup what words do you want banned. You can put any variation on a word, with start after the word, meaning that for example dog * will ban dog and also doggy. and putting * dog can ban horndog word for example. And you can put a star at the beginning and end of the word. If you are a pro gamer you could also use regex which is more powerful. The Sapphire bit allows you to do things based on discord's built in auto moderation With Sapphire you have a system where if you send a medium custom keyword which is basically like down bad delirious, we have a system where if you send the message once in the past 7 days, Sapphire will dm saying that you sent an automodded word. If people send 2 messages, they don't listen to the warning then we give an official warning and if they don't listen still they can get a mute for 3 days. If they still continue then just remove them out of the server. When you pair automod with Sapphireit can be cool. When someone boosts your small discord server you give them everything so that you can build your way up to that custom. You give them embed perms. When you have a massive discord server it's the opposite with server boosters. If you give the server boosters everything you will have people that will boost your server so they can send images. So main thing is that they get 2 times XP week end every single day for every message they send. In small servers you use those XP bots to give people cool prizes for being active. If they are level 5 you might give them their own emote or you give them a costum roll at a certain level, it's used as a positive reinforcement technique.
On a big discord server however it's called filtering out of the morons because looking at any big discord server, notice that you can't do a lot of things until you get like level 5, 10, 20, etc... So here XP bots and level rewards are used as a moderation took, not as a tool tn encouage engagements. Also don't monetize your discord. First reason is that the amount of money you will make from your discord server will be nothing compared to an actual job. For example on discord you may have 5 dollars after 100 hours. Second thing is that if you try to make money ouf of your hobby, the hobby turns into a job. Sometimes people put auto bots or something where you can ban, it proposes you to pay 50 or 100 dollars to get b ack into the server. Let's be honest, almost no one will do that. If you join a discord server then get more than just 1 or 2 discord bots dming you, leave the server because the people that runs the server aren't here to build a community and have fun. They try to milk you for every ounceof money they can. On your server your staff break your users experience. If you have a bad staff you will have a bad server. Also only give admin role to someone you really trust. Because giving them admin role will allow them to mess with discord bots. With the administrator permission they will have the ability to completly blow up your server. The second role you should have for staff is a moderator role. These people can kick, ban or time out on your server. They don't need administrator permissions or managed server permissions. If you give too many permissions you will just open yourself for your server to be blown up. Finally have a trial mod, a role for those that have like 2 weeks to proof whatever they are moderator material or not. This temporary role allows you to promote or demote people. When it comes to staff application, you want to ask questions allowing you to pick the best staff members.
Pick a person that understands the community, how things should operate. Secondly, pick emotionally mature people who can deal with issues without getting upset. Thirdly, pick people that can punish properly if needed. Then there is the staff security thing. If you have staff people who can mess with bots, ban people, etc... some people can try to hack your staff. It happens all the time in NFT commmunities. People hacking these crypto discord servers, they put like a fake scam so people lose their money. Some people will try to impersonate your staff and ask you something like : " remove my staff from this account " to an alt account. In this case it's to sneak into your staff team and use those permissions to blow up your server. So give to every staff members an unique code then tell them to save it on their phone, or on anything that is not discord. Once it's done, delete the message and put this code into a big spreadsheet. In here save every single staff member's code that only you can access. So if a staff member actually lose their account of want to change their account they will have to tell you their code. If they lose their code they don't get staff but if they do tell you the code, go back and generate a new code and give them the new code. If you want a happy staff, encourage them to take breaks, you can have a staff break channel for example, give them special roles or reward them for helping you out. However at one point you may have to demote a staff member whatever it's for mod abuse, cause issues or they just don't exist anymore. Before demoting someone ask yourself if this person is helping this server overall or causing problems. If they do both, you can just give them a warning. It's worth noticing that with a smaller discord server, people are like friends to everyone. Big servers seem like high school all over again.
There is also a reason why big servers have like paragraphs of rules. Because in a big server, people will try to push the limits, the boundaries
Strange Discord Raid Method that Bans Servers
A method to raid a server consist to put a message like tenor link or funny meme then once it's being forgotten after tons of message were sent into that server, use your alt accounts to edit it with an image or video link. Then they it's possible to use alt accounts to report it to discord. The edited messsage could be nsf, gore, content involving minors or other stuff discord doesn't want. So report the server for allowing this evil content to be posted. Eventually this discord server might be terminated. A flaw to that method is that for example if they edit their past messages with a link to the hub website, an admin can set to auto mod and add custom words to block. Put the site between 2 stars to block any video of the website. But the raider can use a differet website. THen you could block every single website on the planet. However some aren't stopped by that because someone could upload bad content to a random discord server of yours then copy the link to this bad content. Then you could edit your message and replace it with what you uploaded. Then you can report it and the discord server gets terminated. First solution is to have a llot of discord staff and make them look into every channel. Second thing is that I could edit the channel permissions and make it where no one can embed links anymore. So if i go down here embed links save changes. So if i press enter link is not doing to turn into an image. However everyone is gonna riot and call this 1984. Third solution as an admin or mod is to use my discord experience YAGPDB is a discord bot Add the bot to your server Tools and Utilities room has a part called advanced automoderator. Create a new ruleset. Click on, create, go to the tab scroll down and create a new rule. This way if someone tries to edit an old post with something disallowed, the bot will disallow it. To do so go to your bot and add a trigger It could be any link. Then if we scroll down we have effects we want to click on delete the message. so if there is a link in the discord that gets edited or sent it will be automatically get deleted. It's bad so we need to add a condition. And this condition is going to be : edited message.
However there are people that will send links and it has this litttle embed with not actually genuine cry for help. An image host allows you to host images and have these quirky little embeds to be funny now. If someoen try to edit this message to another link, it will be deleted if I keep the same features that previously written over. But what if i send an image and instead of editing the link, i go to the image host and i edit this image into disturbing content. The link itself doesn't change at all. Only the image on the website does. Solution could be to have level system where people only need to chat on the discord server to unlock permissions like being able to embed links and attach files but if someone really hates you, he will spend all that time climbing the levels just so they can embed a link and take down your discord server. What is better is go back to discord server settings, go back to automod then go back to our custom word thing and instead of putting these links and stuff, use regex. This will block every link someone tries to send. Copy this regex and go back to discord. Then copy past it, press enter. Then go back to the website and copy this inline links thing as well. Go back to discord, paste this, press enter and this will block every website. But after this you can allow certain websites. Put the little stars at the beginning and at the end of it. But then people can set the file name to youtube.com.jpeg for example, if you allow youtube. Then go back to your automod regex, add a colon then slash slash. :// Then at the end put s slash /
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Hacking a Discord Server With a Link!
Don't click on random links on discord. This scam works with Carl bot is that you need to make one of the server admins click on a website or you could use that middle click image I talked about a while. When the admin clicks on this they see " success " : true When generally he goes back to the discord server The scam message that carl bot sent can be jpg.store. Imagine convincing one of the manager to click on this then carl bot sends the scam. which could lead to a wallet drainer. But first your bot needs to be CSRF vulnerable. Secondly when sending this link to someone they need to be logged into the bots dashboard.
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Hacking a Discord Server With a Link!
Don't click on random links on discord. This scam works with Carl bot is that you need to make one of the server admins click on a website or you could use that middle click image I talked about a while. When the admin clicks on this they see " success " : true When generally he goes back to the discord server The scam message that carl bot sent can be jpg.store. Imagine convincing one of the manager to click on this then carl bot sends the scam. which could lead to a wallet drainer. But first your bot needs to be CSRF vulnerable. Secondly when sending this link to someone they need to be logged into the bots dashboard.
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